Breast cancer is the most common solid cancer that affects female population globally. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that can regulate post-transcriptional modification of multiple downstream genes. Autophagy is a conserved cellular catabolic activity that aims to provide nutrients and degrade un-usable macromolecules in mammalian cells. A number of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies have reported that some miRNAs could modulate autophagy activity in human breast cancer cells, and these would influence human breast cancer progression and treatment response. Therefore, this review was aimed to discuss the roles of autophagy-regulating miRNAs in influencing breast cancer development and treatment response. The review would first introduce autophagy types and process, followed by the discussion of the roles of different miRNAs in modulating autophagy in human breast cancer, and to explore how would this miRNA-autophagy regulatory process affect the disease progression or treatment response. Lastly, the potential applications and challenges of utilizing autophagy-regulating miRNAs as breast cancer biomarkers and novel therapeutic agents would be discussed.

中文翻译：

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microRNAs在人乳腺癌中调控自噬

乳腺癌是影响全球女性人口的最常见的实体癌。MicroRNA (miRNA) 是短的非编码 RNA，可以调节多个下游基因的转录后修饰。自噬是一种保守的细胞分解代谢活动，旨在提供营养并降解哺乳动物细胞中不可用的大分子。多项体外、体内和临床研究报道，一些miRNA可以调节人乳腺癌细胞的自噬活性，这些将影响人乳腺癌的进展和治疗反应。因此，本综述旨在讨论自噬调节 miRNA 在影响乳腺癌发展和治疗反应中的作用。该评论将首先介绍自噬类型和过程，随后讨论了不同 miRNA 在调节人乳腺癌自噬中的作用，并探讨了这种 miRNA-自噬调节过程将如何影响疾病进展或治疗反应。最后，将讨论利用自噬调节 miRNA 作为乳腺癌生物标志物和新型治疗剂的潜在应用和挑战。