Many people with intellectual disability experience digital inequality due to a lack of Internet access; this is known as the digital divide. Digital inequality is also apparent when people with intellectual disability have Internet access, but only use it for a small number of applications (e.g., watching videos and playing games). Recently, it has been suggested that digital inequality also occurs in situations where some Internet users are less likely than others to translate their online activities to offline resources, including educational outcomes and social capital. The extent to which people with intellectual disability are translating their online activities to offline resources has not been examined. We conducted a systematic and critical review using PRISMA guidelines. The search strategy terms “intellectual disability” and “Internet use” were used to search the databases: Scopus; Wiley Online Library; Psychiatry Online; Web of Science; CINAHL; and PubMed. Twenty-four studies were found, which described 53 types of Internet use, 48 risks of Internet use, and 28 benefits of Internet use. The data were identified thematically and categorized to facilitate comparisons. The most frequently reported types of Internet use were in the category of social media/social networking (23%), the most common Internet risks were in the category of emotional distress (24%), and the most often reported benefits were in the category of friendships and social connection (33%). The findings indicate that the benefits of Internet use for people with intellectual disability have received much less attention than the risks.

中文翻译：

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智障人士的互联网使用：探索数字不平等——系统回顾

由于缺乏互联网接入，许多智障人士经历了数字不平等；这被称为数字鸿沟. 当智障人士可以访问互联网但仅将其用于少数应用程序（例如，观看视频和玩游戏）时，数字不平等也很明显。最近，有人提出数字不平等也发生在一些互联网用户比其他人不太可能将他们的在线活动转化为线下资源（包括教育成果和社会资本）的情况下。智障人士将其在线活动转化为线下资源的程度尚未得到研究。我们使用 PRISMA 指南进行了系统和批判性审查。使用搜索策略术语“智力障碍”和“互联网使用”来搜索数据库：Scopus；威利在线图书馆；精神病学在线；科学网；CINAHL; 和考研。发现了 24 项研究，其中描述了 53 种互联网使用类型、48 种互联网使用风险和 28 种互联网使用益处。数据按主题进行识别和分类，以方便比较。最常报告的互联网使用类型是社交媒体/社交网络（23%），最常见的互联网风险属于情绪困扰（24%），最常报告的好处是友谊和社交关系（33%）。调查结果表明，与风险相比，互联网对智障人士的好处受到的关注要少得多。