Deepfakes may refer to algorithmically synthesized material wherein the face of a person is superimposed onto another body. To date, most deepfakes found online are pornographic, with the people depicted in them rarely consenting to their creation and publicization. Deepfakes leave anyone with an online presence vulnerable to victimization. As a testament to policy often being reactionary to antisocial behavior, current Canadian legislation offers no clear recourse to those who are victimized by deepfake pornography. We aim to provide a critical review of the legal mechanisms and remedies in place, including criminal charges, defamation, copyright infringement laws, and injunctive relief that could be applied in deepfake pornography cases. To combat deepfake pornography, we suggest current laws to be expanded to include language specific to falsely created pornography without the explicit consent of all depicted persons. We also discuss the extent to which host websites are responsible for vetting the uploaded content on their platforms. Finally, we present a call for action on a societal and research level to deal with deepfakes and better support victims of deepfake pornography.

中文翻译：

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Deepfake色情的真正威胁：加拿大政策的回顾

伪造品可能是指算法合成的材料，其中人的面部叠加在另一个身体上。迄今为止，大多数在网上发现的伪造品都是色情的，其中所描绘的人很少同意其创作和宣传。深造假使任何在线存在的人都容易受到伤害。作为政策经常反动社会行为的证明，加拿大现行立法没有明确地向受深造色情制品影响的人提供追索权。我们旨在对现有的法律机制和补救措施进行严格审查，包括刑事指控，诽谤，侵犯版权的法律以及可用于深层色情案件的禁令救济。为了打击假冒色情制品，我们建议在未征得所有所描绘人物的明确同意的情况下，将现行法律扩展至包括虚假色情内容所特有的语言。我们还将讨论托管网站负责在其平台上审查上载内容的程度。最后，我们提出在社会和研究层面上采取行动的呼吁，以处理深造假并更好地支持深造色情制品的受害者。