ABSTRACT: Kemp’s ridley sea turtles Lepidochelys kempii were disproportionately affected by the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, which began on 20 April 2010. Embryo deformities were documented in inviable L. kempii eggs before (2008-2010) and after (2011-2013) the DWH spill in 2 Texas (USA) nesting areas (Upper Texas Coast and Padre Island National Seashore). Additional nesting trends, including clutch size and hatching success, were also investigated. Total and late-stage embryo deformity prevalence were 1.5 times greater after 2010 than before, but low in all nesting seasons (mean ± SD: 0.7 ± 8.5% total; 0.6 ± 8.0% late-stage) and did not differ between locations. Craniofacial and carapace deformities were the most frequently observed deformity types. Documented nests in both areas declined in 2010 relative to previous years, ending an exponential increase observed beginning in 1995. Clutch size remained consistent before and after the spill. Hatching success averaged 87.0 ± 33.3% in all years, but no effects from DWH were determined. Collectively, these data represent useful benchmarks against which to judge impacts of future crude oil spills and other catastrophic events.

中文翻译：

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深水地平线漏油前后坎普的里德利海龟Lepidochelys kempii的胚胎畸形和筑巢趋势

摘要：肯普（Kemp）的里德利海龟Lepidochelys kempii受2010年4月20日开始的“深水地平线（DWH）”溢油影响最大。在美国德克萨斯州两个筑巢区（德克萨斯州上海岸和帕德里岛国家海岸）DWH泄漏之前（2008-2010年）和之后（2011-2013年）产卵。还研究了其他嵌套趋势，包括离合器尺寸和孵化成功率。2010年之后，胚胎畸形的总患病率和晚期畸形患病率是以前的1.5倍，但在所有筑巢季节均较低（平均值±标准偏差：总计0.7±8.5％；晚期为0.6±8.0％），各地间无差异。颅面和甲壳畸形是最常观察到的畸形类型。与往年相比，这两个地区的有记录的巢穴在2010年都下降了，结束了从1995年开始观察到的呈指数增长。在泄漏发生之前和之后，离合器的尺寸保持一致。所有年份的孵化成功率平均为87.0±33.3％，但未确定DWH的影响。总的来说，