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In utero accumulated steroids predict neonate anti-predator response in a wild mammal
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-24 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13790 Bawan Amin 1 , Dómhnall J. Jennings 2 , Adam F. Smith 1 , Matthew Quinn 1 , Srivats Chari 1 , Amy Haigh 1 , Devorah Matas 3 , Lee Koren 3 , Simone Ciuti 1
中文翻译：
子宫内积累的类固醇可预测野生哺乳动物的新生儿抗捕食者反应
更新日期：2021-03-24
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-24 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13790 Bawan Amin 1 , Dómhnall J. Jennings 2 , Adam F. Smith 1 , Matthew Quinn 1 , Srivats Chari 1 , Amy Haigh 1 , Devorah Matas 3 , Lee Koren 3 , Simone Ciuti 1
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- Behavioural variation at the individual level has been shown to play an important role in animal ecology and evolution. Whereas most studies have focused on subadult or adult subjects, neonates have been relatively neglected, despite studies showing that neonates can exhibit consistent inter-individual differences during early developmental stages.
- Steroid hormones, including glucocorticoids (e.g. cortisol) and androgens (e.g. testosterone), play a crucial role in foetal development and maturation and could therefore drive neonate behaviour, although this relationship is poorly understood in wild animal populations.
- Our study addresses these knowledge gaps by investigating the association between neonate fallow deer Dama dama fawn inter-individual variability in behavioural response to human handling and hair cortisol and testosterone levels.
- We found strong evidence that individual neonates display repeatable differences in the way they cope with a risky situation during their first days of life, and showed how these differences are linked to cortisol and testosterone levels accumulated in utero. We showed that, when both steroids are included in the same model, neonates with high cortisol and low testosterone levels coped in a more proactive way with human handling (higher heart rate during handling and shorter latency to leave when released) compared to those with low cortisol and high testosterone levels (lower heart rate and longer latency to leave). These results provide novel insights into the proximate mechanism leading to neonate inter-individual variation in a wild population of large mammals.
中文翻译：
子宫内积累的类固醇可预测野生哺乳动物的新生儿抗捕食者反应
- 个体层面的行为变异已被证明在动物生态学和进化中发挥着重要作用。尽管大多数研究都集中在亚成人或成人受试者上，但新生儿却相对被忽视，尽管研究表明新生儿在早期发育阶段会表现出一致的个体差异。
- 类固醇激素，包括糖皮质激素（例如皮质醇）和雄激素（例如睾酮），在胎儿发育和成熟中起着至关重要的作用，因此可以驱动新生儿的行为，尽管在野生动物种群中这种关系知之甚少。
- 我们的研究通过调查新生小鹿Dama dama fawn 对人类处理行为反应的个体差异与头发皮质醇和睾酮水平之间的关联来解决这些知识差距。
- 我们发现了强有力的证据表明，个体新生儿在出生后第一天应对危险情况的方式存在可重复的差异，并表明这些差异与子宫内积累的皮质醇和睾酮水平有关。我们表明，当这两种类固醇都包含在同一模型中时，与低皮质醇和低睾酮水平的新生儿相比，具有高皮质醇和低睾酮水平的新生儿以更主动的方式应对人类处理（处理过程中的心率更高，释放时离开的潜伏期更短）皮质醇和高睾酮水平（较低的心率和较长的离开潜伏期）。这些结果为导致大型哺乳动物野生种群新生儿个体间变异的近似机制提供了新的见解。
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