Southeast Asia (SEA) is one of the most biologically rich regions in the world. The region has achieved rapid economic growth and is undergoing some of the highest rates of urbanisation and agricultural expansion globally. The region’s economies are largely based on natural resource exploitation, which has caused considerable tension between natural resource conservation and economic development. Currently, ecosystem services (ES) are degraded in SEA and are projected to decline further over this century. SEA is also one of the global regions expected to be most affected by natural disasters in the future, including those are linked to climate change. Accordingly, ES assessments are attracting growing attention in scientific research and policies in the region, but no comprehensive reviews tracking progress and identifying priorities for future ES assessments in SEA have been produced. Focusing on ES assessments in SEA, we systematically review literature to summarise achievements to date, identify key research gaps, and reveal pathways for policy uptake. Assessment methods are diverse, varying from proxy-based mapping, modelling, economic valuation, and assessments of human perception to combinations among these assessment approaches. Over time, increasing attention has been paid to spatially explicit ES assessments and to integrating stakeholders’ perspectives into ES assessment. Some studies have aligned results with policy needs, but their tangible influence on policy still appears limited. To increase policy uptake of ES assessments, greater integration of different methodologies is needed. Furthermore, a regional strategy that facilitates cooperation among SEA countries through shared data accessibility, detailed guidance and capacity building will ensure greater reliability and policy uptake of future ES assessments.

东南亚（SEA）是世界上生物最丰富的地区之一。该地区实现了快速的经济增长，并且正在全球范围内经历某些最高的城市化和农业扩张速度。该地区的经济主要以自然资源开发为基础，这在自然资源保护与经济发展之间造成了相当大的紧张关系。当前，SEA中的生态系统服务（ES）退化，并且预计在本世纪将进一步下降。SEA还是未来受自然灾害影响最大的全球区域之一，包括与气候变化有关的自然灾害。因此，ES评估在该地区的科学研究和政策中引起了越来越多的关注，但是还没有进行全面的审查来跟踪进度并确定未来在SEA中进行ES评估的重点。我们着重于SEA中的ES评估，我们系统地回顾了文献以总结迄今为止的成就，发现关键的研究差距并揭示政策采用的途径。评估方法多种多样，从基于代理的映射，建模，经济评估和人类感知评估到这些评估方法之间的组合不等。随着时间的流逝，人们越来越关注空间明确的ES评估，并将利益相关者的观点纳入ES评估。一些研究已将结果与政策需求保持一致，但它们对政策的切实影响似乎仍然有限。为了增加对环境与社会评估的政策接受度，需要更多地整合不同的方法。