Droughts are a long-term weather-driven extreme event which occurs worldwide with great socio-economic impacts, namely in the Mediterranean and the Iberian regions. In a changing climate with rising temperatures, extreme events, such as droughts, are expected to increase in frequency and intensity, particularly in Mediterranean climates. In this context, the assessment of the evolution of drought in terms of its duration and intensity in the Iberian Peninsula (IP) is paramount, as it affects several socio-economic activities. The use of new high-resolution gridded datasets allows for the identification of patterns with finer temporal and spatial scales. In the current study, drought assessment in the IP was accomplished with both the Standardized Precipitation Evaporation Index (SPEI) and the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for short-, medium- and long-timescales. A recently developed high-resolution dataset, Iberia01, was used, for the period 1971–2015, with 0.1° horizontal resolution. The lower-resolution CRU dataset was also used. A clear drying trend in most of the IP is identified with both indices and both datasets. The trends of drought duration are also positive in most of the territory, whereas the mean drought intensity decreases slightly. The drivers of this drying trend are both the decreased precipitation and the increased reference evapotranspiration. The Iberia01 dataset allowed to identify more complex patterns of drought trends, mainly due to the improved representation of precipitation.

干旱是一种长期的，由天气引起的极端事件，在世界范围内发生，具有重大的社会经济影响，即在地中海和伊比利亚地区。在温度不断升高的不断变化的气候中，干旱等极端事件的发生频率和强度预计会增加，特别是在地中海气候中。在这种情况下，就干旱的持续时间和强度来评估伊比利亚半岛（IP）的演变至关重要，因为它会影响若干社会经济活动。使用新的高分辨率网格化数据集可以识别具有更好时空尺度的模式。在当前的研究中，IP中的干旱评估是通过短时的标准降水蒸发指数（SPEI）和标准降水指数（SPI）来完成的，中长期尺度。使用了最近开发的高分辨率数据集Iberia01，用于1971-2015年，水平分辨率为0.1°。还使用了较低分辨率的CRU数据集。大部分IP的干燥趋势都有明显的指数和数据集。大部分地区的干旱持续时间趋势也是正的，而平均干旱强度则略有下降。这种干燥趋势的驱动因素是降水减少和参考蒸散量增加。Iberia01数据集可以确定干旱趋势的更复杂模式，这主要归因于降水量的提高。还使用了较低分辨率的CRU数据集。大部分IP的干燥趋势都有明显的指数和数据集。大部分地区的干旱持续时间趋势也是正的，而平均干旱强度则略有下降。这种干燥趋势的驱动因素是降水减少和参考蒸散量增加。Iberia01数据集可以确定干旱趋势的更复杂模式，这主要归因于降水量的提高。还使用了较低分辨率的CRU数据集。大部分IP的干燥趋势都有明显的指数和数据集。大部分地区的干旱持续时间趋势也是正的，而平均干旱强度则略有下降。这种干燥趋势的驱动因素是降水减少和参考蒸散量增加。Iberia01数据集可以确定干旱趋势的更复杂模式，这主要归因于降水量的提高。这种干燥趋势的驱动因素是降水减少和参考蒸散量增加。Iberia01数据集可以确定干旱趋势的更复杂模式，这主要归因于降水量的提高。这种干燥趋势的驱动因素是降水减少和参考蒸散量增加。Iberia01数据集可以确定干旱趋势的更复杂模式，这主要归因于降水量的提高。