Expatriate is one of the potential sources of knowledge for firms to increase their capability in creating innovation. Currently, Indonesia has a relatively small number of expatriates but the figure tends to increase overtime. This country has experienced a changing nature of expatriation that brings consequences to several conditions for the achievement of successful knowledge transfer (KT) from expatriates to local employee in Indonesian local firms. This paper proposes a new concept namely Knowledge Transfer Readiness (KTR) which is beneficial in helping the firms to deal with the changing nature. Combining grounded research and multiple case studies to apply this concept to the Indonesian local firms, it is argued that not all of the elements in KTR’s dimensions must be fulfilled in excellent conditions. Weak elements from the source’s side can be surmounted by fulfilling excellent condition of recipient’s side, and vice versa. Nevertheless, there are elements that must be fulfilled in excellent condition of both sides, or becomes absolute requirements solely for the expatriates. The fulfillment of KTR’s elements influences the relationship qualities between expatriates and local employees to achieve Knowledge Transfer Quality (KTQ). The KTQ includes the amount and the accuracy of knowledge and depth of understanding, so it can be a new option of qualitative indicator to measure the success of KT.

外派人员是企业增强创新创造能力的潜在知识来源之一。目前，印度尼西亚的外派人员数量相对较少，但随着时间的推移，这一数字趋于增加。这个国家经历了外派人员不断变化的情况，这为成功实现从外派人员到印度尼西亚当地公司的本地员工的知识转移（KT）的几个条件带来了影响。本文提出了一个新概念，即知识转移准备（KTR），它有助于帮助企业应对不断变化的性质。结合扎实的研究和多个案例研究，将这一概念应用于印尼本地公司，有人认为并非KTR规模中的所有要素都必须在出色的条件下得到满足。通过满足接收者方的良好条件，可以克服来自源方的弱元素，反之亦然。然而，有些因素必须在双方都处于良好状态下才能实现，或者仅成为外派人员的绝对要求。KTR要素的实现会影响外派人员与本地员工之间的关系素质，以实现知识转移质量（KTQ）。KTQ包括知识的数量和准确性以及对理解的深度，因此它可以作为衡量KT成功与否的定性指标的新选择。KTR要素的实现会影响外派人员与本地员工之间的关系素质，以实现知识转移质量（KTQ）。KTQ包括知识的数量和准确性以及对理解的深度，因此它可以作为衡量KT成功与否的定性指标的新选择。KTR要素的实现会影响外派人员与本地员工之间的关系素质，以实现知识转移质量（KTQ）。KTQ包括知识的数量和准确性以及对理解的深度，因此它可以作为衡量KT成功与否的定性指标的新选择。