Abstract

The objective of this study was to cross-sectionally analyze the diet quality of active workers and retirees to identify possible differences by gender and subgroups of working and nonworking retirees using baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), a cohort study of employees of six higher education centers in Brazil. In the first phase of the study, which occurred between 2008 and 2010, the diets of 7,667 participants between 50 and 69 years of age (3,393 [44%] men and 4,274 [56%] women) were analyzed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Diets were evaluated using the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised. We used logistic regression models stratified by sex and adjusted for demographic, social, and health conditions to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the association of diet quality with working and nonworking retirees. Using active workers as the reference group, the results showed better diet quality among male retirees who were no longer working (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.03–2.41), whereas no difference was detected in male retirees who returned to work (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.80–1.72) in the adjusted models. Among women, the association did not remain significant after multivariate adjustment for confounders. Our results showed gender differences in diet quality between workers and working and nonworking retirees possibly because of worse diet quality among men than among women. Work cessation after retirement is mandatory to improve diet quality among male retirees.

中文翻译：

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工人和退休人员的饮食质量：巴西成人健康纵向研究的横断面分析（ELSA-巴西）

摘要

这项研究的目的是使用巴西成人健康纵向研究（ELSA-Brasil）的基线数据，对现役工人和退休人员的饮食质量进行横断面分析，以发现按性别以及工作和非工作退休人员亚组的可能差异。对巴西六个高等教育中心的员工进行的队列研究。在研究的第一阶段（于2008年至2010年之间），使用“食物频率问卷”分析了50岁至69岁之间的7,667名参与者（3,393 [44％]名男性和4,274 [56％]名女性）的饮食。使用修订后的巴西健康饮食指数对饮食进行评估。我们使用了按性别分层并针对人口，社会，和健康状况，以计算饮食质量与工作和非工作退休人员的关联的比值比（OR）和95％置信区间（95％CI）。使用活跃的工人作为参考组，结果表明不再工作的男性退休人员的饮食质量更好（OR：1.58； 95％CI：1.03-2.41），而返回工作的男性退休人员的饮食质量没有差异（OR ：1.17； 95％CI：0.80–1.72）。在女性中，对混杂因素进行多变量调整后，该关联性仍然不显着。我们的研究结果表明，工人与在职和非在职退休人员的饮食质量存在性别差异，这可能是由于男性的饮食质量较女性差。退休后必须停止工作以提高男性退休人员的饮食质量。