Several methods for handling sloping fluid–solid interfaces with the elastic parabolic equation are tested. A single-scattering approach that is modified for the fluid–solid case is accurate for some problems but breaks down when the contrast across the interface is sufficiently large and when there is a Scholte wave. An approximate condition for conserving energy breaks down when a Scholte wave propagates along a sloping interface but otherwise performs well for a large class of problems involving gradual slopes, a wide range of sediment parameters, and ice cover. An approach based on treating part of the fluid layer as a solid with low shear speed is developed and found to handle Scholte waves and a wide range of sediment parameters accurately, but this approach needs further development. The variable rotated parabolic equation is not effective for problems involving frequent or continuous changes in slope, but it provides a high level of accuracy for most of the test cases, which have regions of constant slope. Approaches based on a coordinate mapping and on using a film of solid material with low shear speed on the rises of the stair steps that approximate a sloping interface are also tested and found to produce accurate results for some cases.

中文翻译：

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沿倾斜流固界面的 Scholte 波和其他效应的抛物线方程建模

测试了几种用弹性抛物线方程处理倾斜流体-固体界面的方法。针对流体-固体情况修改的单散射方法对于某些问题是准确的，但当界面上的对比度足够大并且存在 Scholte 波时就会失效。当 Scholte 波沿倾斜界面传播时，能量守恒的近似条件会被破坏，但对于涉及渐变坡度、广泛的沉积物参数和冰盖的一大类问题则表现良好。开发了一种基于将部分流体层视为具有低剪切速度的固体的方法，并发现它可以准确地处理 Scholte 波和各种沉积物参数，但这种方法需要进一步发展。可变旋转抛物线方程对于涉及斜率频繁或连续变化的问题无效，但它为大多数具有恒定斜率区域的测试用例提供了高水平的准确度。还测试了基于坐标映射和在接近倾斜界面的楼梯台阶的上升处使用具有低剪切速度的固体材料薄膜的方法，并发现在某些情况下可以产生准确的结果。