Momordica charantia (MC) is a plant belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. MC has antidiabetic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antimutagenic, antiulcerative, antiinflammatory and antilipidemic effects. However, information on the effect of MC on fracture union is lacking. This study aimed to examine the effect of MC on fracture union histopathologically and biomechanically. A total of 42 male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, 14 in each group. A diaphyseal fracture was created on the right tibia of all rats. All fractures were fixed with a Kirschner (K) wire. The rats in Group I did not undergo any further procedures (Control group). Group II rats were treated with 0.9% saline oral gavage at a dose of 500μL/day for 28 days [Saline (S) group]. The rats in Group III were given 300mg/kg MC extract per day, dissolved in 500μL 0.9% saline by oral gavage for 28 days [MC (Extract) group]. After 28 days, all rats were sacrificed. Each group was randomly divided into two subgroups. The histopathological examination was performed on the right tibia of rats in the first subgroup and the biomechanical examination in the second subgroup. The kidneys and livers of all rats were evaluated histopathologically. Fracture union was significantly better in the Extract group compared with the Control and S groups histopathologically. The fracture inflammation values were lower in the Extract group than in the other groups. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of possible side effects to kidneys and livers. In terms of biomechanics, fracture union was significantly better in the Extract group compared with the Control and S groups except yield displacement values. MC had a positive effect on fracture union histopathologically and biomechanically.

中文翻译：

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苦瓜对骨折愈合、肾脏和肝脏影响的组织病理学和生物力学研究：实验性大鼠模型

苦瓜（MC）是属于葫芦科的植物。MC具有抗糖尿病、抗菌、抗氧化、抗诱变、抗溃疡、抗炎和抗血脂作用。然而，缺乏关于 MC 对骨折愈合影响的信息。本研究旨在从组织病理学和生物力学角度检查 MC 对骨折愈合的影响。将42只雄性Wistar-Albino大鼠随机分为3组，每组14只。在所有大鼠的右胫骨上产生骨干骨折。所有骨折均用克氏针 (K) 固定。第一组的大鼠没有进行任何进一步的程序（对照组）。第 II 组大鼠用 0.9% 盐水口服管饲法，剂量为500μL/day 28 天 [生理盐水 (S) 组]。第三组大鼠给予 300mg/kg MC 提取物每天，溶解在500μL 0.9% 生理盐水，经口管饲 28 天 [MC（提取物）组]。28天后，处死所有大鼠。每组被随机分为两个亚组。第一亚组对大鼠右侧胫骨进行组织病理学检查，第二亚组进行生物力学检查。对所有大鼠的肾脏和肝脏进行组织病理学评估。在组织病理学上，与对照组和 S 组相比，Extract 组的骨折愈合明显更好。Extract组的骨折炎症值低于其他组。在对肾脏和肝脏的可能副作用方面，两组之间没有发现统计学上的显着差异。在生物力学方面，除屈服位移值外，Extract 组的骨折愈合明显优于对照组和 S 组。MC在组织病理学和生物力学上对骨折愈合有积极影响。