ABSTRACT

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has been widely studied in laboratory settings due to its clinical implications, primarily as a potential biomarker of emotion regulation (ER). Studies have reported that individuals with higher resting HRV show more distinct startle reflexes to negative stimuli as compared to those with lower HRV. These responses have been associated with better defense system function when managing the context demands. There is, however, a lack of empirical evidence on the association between resting HRV and eyeblinks during laboratory tasks using instructed ER. This study explored the influence of tonic HRV on voluntary cognitive reappraisal through subjective and startle responses measured during an independent ER task. In total, 122 healthy participants completed a task consisting of attempts to upregulate, downregulate, or react naturally to emotions prompted by unpleasant pictures. Tonic HRV was measured for 5 minutes before the experiment began. Current results did not support the idea that self-reported and eyeblink responses were influenced by resting HRV. These findings suggest that, irrespective of resting HRV, individuals may benefit from strategies such as reappraisal that are useful for managing negative emotions. Experimental studies should further explore the role of individual differences when using ER strategies during laboratory tasks.

摘要

由于其临床意义，心率变异性 (HRV) 已在实验室环境中得到广泛研究，主要是作为情绪调节 (ER) 的潜在生物标志物。研究表明，与 HRV 较低的人相比，静息 HRV 较高的人对负面刺激表现出更明显的惊吓反射。在管理上下文需求时，这些响应与更好的防御系统功能相关联。然而，在使用指导的 ER 的实验室任务期间，缺乏关于静息 HRV 和眨眼之间关联的经验证据。本研究通过在独立 ER 任务期间测量的主观和惊吓反应，探讨了强直 HRV 对自愿认知重新评估的影响。总共 122 名健康参与者完成了一项任务，包括尝试上调、下调、或对不愉快的图片引起的情绪做出自然的反应。在实验开始前测量 Tonic HRV 5 分钟。目前的结果不支持自我报告和眨眼反应受静息 HRV 影响的观点。这些发现表明，无论静息 HRV 情况如何，个人都可能受益于有助于管理负面情绪的重新评估等策略。实验研究应进一步探讨在实验室任务中使用 ER 策略时个体差异的作用。个人可能会受益于有助于管理负面情绪的重新评估等策略。实验研究应进一步探讨在实验室任务中使用 ER 策略时个体差异的作用。个人可能会受益于有助于管理负面情绪的重新评估等策略。实验研究应进一步探讨在实验室任务中使用 ER 策略时个体差异的作用。