The turbulent plunging jet of a nearly incompressible fluid into a stagnant fluid is of great importance in many practical applications, especially for the engineering of hydropower. As an example, the dynamic load exerted by the impact of turbulent high-velocity jets into a pool must be estimated to evaluate the potential destabilization of a rock bed or dam’s structure. Modelling plunging jets in the laboratory presents a challenge due to the complex two-phase environment, which requires models to be built at near-prototype scales. This paper deals with the application of a three-dimensional weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model to study a circular jet impinging into a water flat pool, at a near-prototype scale. To identify the level of reliability of the computed parameters, validation of the pool bottom pressures is carried out by comparison with existing experimental data. The self-similarity of the jet’s centreline velocity is correctly reproduced and the computed maximum dynamic pressures near the stagnation point are reasonably accurate. The differences observed are mainly attributed to the non-consideration of the air phase.

几乎不可压缩的流体进入静止流体的湍流喷射在许多实际应用中非常重要，特别是对于水电工程。例如，必须估计湍流高速射流冲击水池所施加的动态载荷，以评估岩床或大坝结构的潜在不稳定情况。由于复杂的两相环境，需要在接近原型的规模上构建模型，因此在实验室中对俯冲射流建模提出了挑战。本文讨论了应用三维弱可压缩平滑粒子流体动力学 (SPH) 模型以接近原型的规模研究撞击平坦水池的圆形射流。为了确定计算参数的可靠性水平，池底压力的验证是通过与现有实验数据进行比较来进行的。射流中心线速度的自相似性被正确再现，并且计算出的驻点附近的最大动态压力相当准确。观察到的差异主要归因于未考虑气相。