This commentary discusses the issue of small samples in instructed second language acquisition research. We discuss the current state of affairs, and consider the disadvantages of small samples. We also explore other considerations regarding sample size, such as research ethics and ecological validity. We present a range of recommendations for researchers to address the issue of small samples. Recommendations include (a) engaging in sample size planning, (b) opting for appropriate designs and analytical approaches, (c) reporting the constraints that sample size places on the interpretation of findings, and (d) cultivating a culture of collaboration and open science.

中文翻译：

---

指导性第二语言习得研究中的小样本

这篇评论讨论了指导性第二语言习得研究中的小样本问题。我们讨论了当前的状况，并考虑了小样本的弊端。我们还探讨了有关样本量的其他考虑因素，例如研究伦理和生态有效性。我们为研究人员提出了一系列建议，以解决小样本问题。建议包括：（a）参与样本量计划，（b）选择适当的设计和分析方法，（c）报告样本量对结果解释的限制，以及（d）培育协作和开放科学的文化。