Tumor-infiltrating immune/inflammatory cells, the important components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), remarkably affect the progression of human cancers. To understand the actual conditions within the TME of colorectal cancer (CRC), the interrelationship among tumor-infiltrating neutrophils, M2 macrophages, and regulatory T-cells (T_regs) was systematically analyzed. The infiltration conditions of CD66b⁺ neutrophils, CD163⁺ M2 macrophages, and FOXP3⁺ T_regs in tissue microarrays including 1021 cases of CRC were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. The prediction power of these immune cells for CRC prognosis was evaluated by subgroup analysis of the CRC cohort. Results revealed the existence pattern of infiltrating neutrophils, and T_regs/M2 macrophages fulfilled a “X-low implies Y-high” Boolean relationship, indicative of a mutually exclusive correlation between neutrophils and M2 macrophages, and between neutrophils and T_regs in the TME of CRC. What’s more, the tumor-infiltrating M2 macrophages and T_regs were associated with adverse prognostic factors, whereas neutrophils were corelated with favorable factors. The high infiltration of neutrophils predicted longer survival and better chemotherapeutic response. Nonetheless, high infiltration of M2 macrophages and T_regs predicted poor prognosis. The combination of these tumor-infiltrating immune cells can serve as an effective predictor for the survival of CRC and for the chemotherapeutic outcomes of stage II–III patients. 

肿瘤浸润的免疫/炎症细胞是肿瘤微环境（TME）的重要组成部分，显着影响人类癌症的进展。为了了解结肠直肠癌（CRC）TME中的实际状况，系统分析了肿瘤浸润性中性粒细胞，M2巨噬细胞和调节性T细胞（T _regs）之间的相互关系。CD66b ⁺中性粒细胞，CD163 ⁺ M2巨噬细胞和FOXP3 ⁺ T _reg的浸润条件通过免疫组织化学分析确定了包括1021例CRC的组织微阵列中的表达。这些免疫细胞对CRC预后的预测能力通过CRC队列的亚组分析进行评估。结果揭示了浸润性中性粒细胞的存在模式，并且T _regs / M2巨噬细胞满足“ X低暗示Y高”布尔关系，表明中性粒细胞与M2巨噬细胞之间以及TME中嗜中性粒细胞与T _reg之间存在互斥的相关性。CRC。此外，肿瘤浸润的M2巨噬细胞和T _regs与不良预后因素相关，而中性粒细胞与有利因素相关。中性粒细胞的高度浸润预示了更长的生存期和更好的化疗反应。尽管如此，M2巨噬细胞和_Treg的高度浸润预示了不良的预后。这些肿瘤浸润免疫细胞的结合可以有效预测CRC的存活以及II-III期患者的化疗结果。