Whether the apprentice is competent for the job and produces performance for the organization is the key index to test the quality of apprenticeship education. Based on competency theory, this paper investigates the influence of competency dimensions and work meaning on performance. Through the competency questionnaire analysis of 224 shop managers in apprentice project enterprises, it is found that: the part of the competency dimension of personality traits, motivation and values hidden in the iceberg model has a significant impact on performance through work meaning; the relationship between work values and work meaning of apprentices is stronger, and that the relationship between work motivation and work meaning of non-apprentices is stronger. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the cultivation of multiple values of apprenticeship, especially the significance of moral education. The results provide reference for upgrading the quality of talent training in Colleges, reconstructing talent training objectives and the practice of human resource management in enterprises.

学徒是否胜任工作并为组织带来绩效是检验学徒教育质量的关键指标。基于胜任力理论，本文研究了胜任力维度和工作意义对绩效的影响。通过对224名学徒项目企业店长的能力问卷调查分析发现：冰山模型中隐藏的人格特质，动机和价值观的能力维度部分通过工作意义对绩效产生重大影响；学徒的工作价值与工作意义之间的关系更强，非学徒的工作动机与工作意义之间的关系更强。因此，我们应该更加重视学徒制多元价值的培养，尤其是德育的意义。研究结果可为提高高校人才培养质量，重构人才培养目标和企业人力资源管理实践提供参考。