The long-term consequences of managing overfished fisheries through either gear restrictions or closures are among the many dilemmas facing small-scale fisheries managers. To evaluate long-term outcomes, fishing effort and catch were measured from 1995 to 2019 in two districts in Kenya, one that established a marine reserve in 1991 and another that eliminated destructive small-meshed drag nets beginning in 2001. Stock biomass in the 12 studied landing sites were below multispecies maximum sustainable yield (MMSY) and effort declined in all sites, indicating overfishing. Both interventions showed positive responses in catch per unit effort (CPUE) trends that indicated successful management but the changes were more sustained in the closure-adjacent than the gear-restricted landing sites. For example, total per-area yields in the gear-restricted sites declined steadily to an equilibrium that was 30% below the predicted MMSY. In contrast, and despite the low stock levels, closure-adjacent landing sites maintained yields near MMSY over the full time series. This is likely due to an increase in fish recovery rates by ~42% from an r of 0.23 to an r of 0.34 in the presence of a closure. The study suggests that closures that occupy ~30% of the nearshore fishing grounds could prevent suboptimal yields and fisheries collapse in nearshore East African reefs.

小规模渔业管理者面临的众多难题之一是通过限制渔具或关闭渔业来管理过度捕捞渔业的长期后果。为了评估长期结果，从1995年至2019年在肯尼亚的两个地区进行了捕捞努力和捕捞量的测量，一个地区于1991年建立了海洋保护区，另一个地区从2001年开始消除了破坏性的小网状拖网。12个地区的生物量研究的着陆点低于多物种最大可持续产量（MMSY），并且所有地点的努力量均下降，表明过度捕捞。两种干预措施均显示出对单位捕获量（CPUE）趋势的积极响应，表明管理成功，但与封锁区限制的着陆点相比，在封闭区附近的变化更为持久。例如，齿轮受限地点的总单位面积产量稳步下降，达到了比预期的MMSY低30％的平衡。相反，尽管库存水平较低，但在整个时间序列中，与封锁线相邻的着陆点的单产保持在MMSY附近。这很可能是由于在关闭的情况下鱼的恢复率从r的0.23增长到了r的0.34〜42％。这项研究表明，封闭物占据了近岸渔场的30％左右，可防止单产不佳，东非近岸珊瑚礁的渔业崩溃。23在封闭情况下的r值为0.34。这项研究表明，封闭物占据了近岸渔场的30％左右，可防止单产不佳，东非近岸珊瑚礁的渔业崩溃。23在封闭情况下的r值为0.34。这项研究表明，封闭物占据了近岸渔场的30％左右，可防止单产不佳，东非近岸珊瑚礁的渔业崩溃。