Bodovalle is an iron carbonate mine located in Gallarta (near Bilbao, northern Spain), which is currently in the closure stage. The deposit was first exploited as an open-pit mine and later as an underground mine. The underground mine currently has 40 large rooms with rib pillars, occupying an area of 2,000 m long by 600 m wide. Room depth is around 200 m. The main geotechnical incident occurred in the NW1N zone, where an over-exploited rib pillar in poor condition was partially removed, leaving a 70-m roof span that eventually collapsed in 1999, resulting in a surface crater measuring 60 m in diameter. The collapse was preceded by noises and movements detected outside the mine. The subsidence was improved by means of infilling and monitoring. In 2014, residents living in homes built over the abandoned mine rooms detected very loud noises similar to those of 1999. The article describes a stability review carried out using advanced numerical methods (finite element method and boundary element method) and the geomechanical parameters obtained from a back analysis of the 1999 collapse.

中文翻译：

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废弃菱铁矿的稳定性：以西班牙北部为例

Bodovalle是位于加拉塔（西班牙北部毕尔巴鄂附近）的碳酸铁矿，目前处于关闭阶段。该矿床最初被用作露天矿，后来被用作地下矿。地下矿井目前有40个带有肋骨的大房间，占地2000 m长，600 m宽。房间深度约为200 m。主要的岩土工程事件发生在NW1N区，该处过度开采的状况不佳的肋骨被部分清除，留下70米的屋顶跨度，最终在1999年坍塌，导致直径60 m的地表陨石坑。倒塌之前，在矿山外部发现了噪音和移动。通过充填和监测来改善沉降。在2014年，