The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) represent major dimensional frameworks proposing two alternative approaches to accelerate progress in the way psychopathology is studied, classified, and treated. RDoC is a research framework rooted in neuroscience aiming to further the understanding of transdiagnostic biobehavioral systems underlying psychopathology and ultimately inform future classifications. HiTOP is a dimensional classification system, derived from the observed covariation among symptoms of psychopathology and maladaptive traits, which seeks to provide more informative research and treatment targets (i.e., dimensional constructs and clinical assessments) than traditional diagnostic categories. This article argues that the complementary strengths of RDoC and HiTOP can be leveraged in order to achieve their respective goals. RDoC's biobehavioral framework may help elucidate the underpinnings of the clinical dimensions included in HiTOP, whereas HiTOP may provide psychometrically robust clinical targets for RDoC-informed research. We present a comprehensive mapping between dimensions included in RDoC (constructs and subconstructs) and HiTOP (spectra and subfactors) based on narrative review of the empirical literature. The resulting RDoC-HiTOP interface sheds light on the biobehavioral correlates of clinical dimensions and provides a broad set of dimensional clinical targets for etiological and neuroscientific research. We conclude with future directions and practical recommendations for using this interface to advance clinical neuroscience and psychiatric nosology. Ultimately, we envision that this RDoC-HiTOP interface has the potential to inform the development of a unified, dimensional, and biobehaviorally-grounded psychiatric nosology.

研究领域标准（RDoC）和精神病理学层次分类法（HiTOP）代表了主要的维度框架，提出了两种替代方法来加速精神病理学研究、分类和治疗方式的进展。RDoC 是一个植根于神经科学的研究框架，旨在进一步了解精神病理学基础的跨诊断生物行为系统，并最终为未来的分类提供信息。HiTOP 是一个维度分类系统，源自观察到的精神病理学症状和适应不良特征之间的协变，旨在提供比传统诊断类别更多信息的研究和治疗目标（即维度构建和临床评估）。本文认为，可以利用 RDoC 和 HiTOP 的互补优势来实现各自的目标。RDoC 的生物行为框架可能有助于阐明 HiTOP 中包含的临床维度的基础，而 HiTOP 可能为 RDoC 知情的研究提供心理测量上稳健的临床目标。基于对实证文献的叙述回顾，我们提出了 RDoC（结构和子结构）和 HiTOP（谱和子因素）中包含的维度之间的全面映射。由此产生的 RDoC-HiTOP 界面揭示了临床维度的生物行为相关性，并为病因学和神经科学研究提供了广泛的维度临床目标。最后，我们提出了使用该界面推进临床神经科学和精神病学分类学的未来方向和实用建议。最终，我们设想这个 RDoC-HiTOP 接口有潜力为统一的、多维度的、以生物行为为基础的精神病学分类学的发展提供信息。