The design, analysis, fabrication, and testing of a four-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is reported in this paper for automotive communications. The MIMO antenna is constructed using the basic antenna element exploiting a slot geometry. Two such antennas are developed on the same microwave laminate to develop a two-port MIMO antenna. Two such microwave laminates are interlocked to create the four-port MIMO scheme. The most distinct feature of the proposed architecture is that the inter-port isolation is well-taken care without the need for an external decoupling unit. The four-port MIMO antenna has an overall volume of 32 × 15 × 32 mm3. The prototype MIMO antenna is fabricated and the measurements are carried out to validate the simulation results. The antenna offers ultra-wideband (UWB) characteristics covering the frequency range of 2.8–9.5 GHz. The average boresight gain of the antenna ranges from 3.2 to 5.41 dBi with the peak gain at 8 GHz. The simulated efficiency of the antenna is greater than 73% within the operating bandwidth. The MIMO parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, and mean effective gain are evaluated and presented. The appropriateness of the proposed antenna for deployment in the shark fin housing of the present-day automobiles is verified using on-car performance estimation.

中文翻译：

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用于 UWB 汽车通信的联锁四端口 MIMO 天线设计

本文报道了用于汽车通信的四端口多输入多输出 (MIMO) 天线的设计、分析、制造和测试。MIMO 天线是使用利用缝隙几何形状的基本天线元件构建的。在同一微波层压板上开发了两个这样的天线，以开发双端口 MIMO 天线。两个这样的微波层压板互锁以创建四端口 MIMO 方案。所提出的架构最显着的特点是端口间隔离得到了很好的照顾，无需外部去耦单元。四端口 MIMO 天线总体积为 32 × 15 × 32 mm3. 制作了原型 MIMO 天线并进行了测量以验证仿真结果。该天线提供覆盖 2.8–9.5 GHz 频率范围的超宽带 (UWB) 特性。天线的平均视轴增益范围为 3.2 至 5.41 dBi，峰值增益为 8 GHz。天线的模拟效率在工作带宽内大于 73%。对包络相关系数、分集增益和平均有效增益等MIMO参数进行了评估和介绍。使用车载性能估计验证了建议的天线在当今汽车的鲨鱼鳍外壳中部署的适当性。