The gaze cueing effect involves the rapid orientation of attention to follow the gaze direction of another person. Previous studies reported reciprocal influences between social variables and the gaze cueing effect, with modulation of gaze cueing by social features of face stimuli and modulation of the observer’s social judgments from the validity of the gaze cues themselves. However, it remains unclear which social dimensions can affect - and be affected by - gaze cues. We used computer-averaged prototype face-like images with high and low levels of perceived trustworthiness and dominance to investigate the impact of these two fundamental social impression dimensions on the gaze cueing effect. Moreover, by varying the proportions of valid and invalid gaze cues across three experiments, we assessed whether gaze cueing influences observers' impressions of dominance and trustworthiness through incidental learning. Bayesian statistical analyses provided clear evidence that the gaze cueing effect was not modulated by facial social trait impressions (Experiments 1-3). On the other hand, there was uncertain evidence of incidental learning of social evaluations following the gaze cueing task. A decrease in perceived trustworthiness for non-cooperative low dominance faces (Experiment 2) and an increase in dominance ratings for faces whose gaze behaviour contradicted expectations (Experiment 3) appeared, but further research is needed to clarify these effects. Thus, this study confirms that attentional shifts triggered by gaze direction involve a robust and relatively automatic process, which could nonetheless influence social impressions depending on perceived traits and the gaze behaviour of faces providing the cues.

凝视提示效应涉及注意力的快速定向以跟随另一个人的凝视方向。先前的研究报告了社会变量和凝视提示效应之间的相互影响，通过面部刺激的社会特征调节凝视提示，以及从凝视提示本身的有效性调节观察者的社会判断。然而，目前尚不清楚哪些社会维度会影响——并受——凝视线索的影响。我们使用具有高和低水平感知可信度和支配性的计算机平均原型类人脸图像来研究这两个基本社会印象维度对凝视提示效应的影响。此外，通过改变三个实验中有效和无效凝视线索的比例，我们评估了凝视线索是否影响观察者的 通过偶然的学习获得支配地位和值得信赖的印象。贝叶斯统计分析提供了明确的证据，表明凝视提示效应不受面部社会特征印象的调节（实验 1-3）。另一方面，有不确定的证据表明在凝视提示任务后偶然学习了社会评价。出现了对非合作性低支配性面孔（实验 2）的感知可信度降低和凝视行为与预期相矛盾的面孔（实验 3）的支配性评级增加，但需要进一步研究来阐明这些影响。因此，这项研究证实，注视方向引发的注意力转移涉及一个强大且相对自动的过程，