Purpose

Two disastrous Tsunamis, one on the west coast of Sumatra Island, Indonesia, in 2004 and another in North East Japan in 2011, had seriously destroyed a large number of bridges. Thus, experimental tests in a wave flume and a fluid structure interaction (FSI) analysis were constructed to gain insight into tsunami bore force on coastal bridges.

Design/methodology/approach

Various wave heights and shallow water were used in the experiments and computational process. A 1:40 scaled concrete bridge model was placed in mild beach profile similar to a 24 × 1.5 × 2 m wave flume for the experimental investigation. An Arbitrary Lagrange Euler formulation for the propagation of tsunami solitary and bore waves by an FSI package of LS-DYNA on high-performance computing system was used to evaluate the experimental results.

Findings

The excellent agreement between experiments and computational simulation is shown in results. The results showed that the fully coupled FSI models could capture the tsunami wave force accurately for all ranges of wave heights and shallow depths. The effects of the overturning moment, horizontal, uplift and impact forces on a pier and deck of the bridge were evaluated in this research.

Originality/value

Photos and videos captured during the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 and the 2011 Japan tsunami showed solitary tsunami waves breaking offshore, along with an extremely turbulent tsunami-induced bore propagating toward shore with significantly higher velocity. Consequently, the outcomes of this current experimental and numerical study are highly relevant to the evaluation of tsunami bore forces on the coastal, over sea or river bridges. These experiments assessed tsunami wave forces on deck pier showing the complete response of the coastal bridge over water.

中文翻译：

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沿海桥梁海啸孔力的流固耦合计算分析与试验

目的

两次灾难性的海啸（2004年发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西海岸，2011年发生在日本东北部）严重毁坏了许多桥梁。因此，构建了波浪槽中的实验测试和流体结构相互作用（FSI）分析，以洞悉沿海桥梁上的海啸钻孔力。

设计/方法/方法

在实验和计算过程中使用了各种波高和浅水。将1:40比例的混凝土桥梁模型放置在温和的海滩剖面中，类似于24×1.5×2 m的波浪水槽，以进行实验研究。利用高性能计算系统上的LS-DYNA FSI软件包，通过任意Lagrange Euler公式对海啸孤波和孔波的传播进行了评估。

发现

结果显示了实验与计算仿真之间的极好的一致性。结果表明，完全耦合的FSI模型可以准确捕获海浪波力的所有范围的波高和浅水深度。在这项研究中，评估了倾覆力矩，水平力，升力和冲击力对桥墩和桥面的影响。

创意/价值

2004年印度洋海啸和2011年日本海啸期间拍摄的照片和录像显示，孤海浪在海上破裂，海啸引起的极度湍动的海孔以明显更高的速度向海岸传播。因此，当前的实验和数值研究的结果与评估沿海，海上或河流桥梁上的海啸内力高度相关。这些实验评估了甲板码头上的海啸波力，显示了沿海桥梁在水面上的完整响应。