Doping graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with other atoms can effectively improve the optical performance of GQDs. Because of the specificity of doping, doped GQDs can be used as fluorescence sensors. In this paper, we review doping strategies to improve the performance of GQDs. These strategies include: (1) nitrogen atom doping; (2) sulfur atom doping and co-doping; (3) and doping with other atoms. The characterization and optical properties of doped GQDs are discussed and compared. The mechanism of fluorescence sensing, detection ranges and detection limits are also summarized. Finally, the future development of doped GQDs is prospected. At present, single-atom Nitrogen-doped GQDs are the most common. This review aims to expand the scope, application, and color range of doped GQDs through advances in the use of other heteroatoms and polyatomic doping. In addition, further study is needed to realize the full potential for quantum yield improvement through doping GQDs. The relevant discussion here on strategies for doped GQDs will promote their development as high-yield, sensitive, selective, and tunable fluorescence sensors.

用其他原子掺杂石墨烯量子点（GQD）可以有效地改善GQD的光学性能。由于掺杂的特异性，可以将掺杂的GQD用作荧光传感器。在本文中，我们回顾了改善GQD性能的掺杂策略。这些策略包括：（1）氮原子掺杂；（2）硫原子掺杂和共掺杂；（3）并掺杂其他原子。讨论并比较了掺杂的GQD的表征和光学性质。还总结了荧光传感的机理，检测范围和检测限。最后，展望了掺杂GQD的未来发展。目前，最常见的是单原子掺氮GQD。这篇综述旨在通过使用其他杂原子和多原子掺杂的进展来扩展掺杂GQD的范围，应用和颜色范围。此外，需要进一步的研究，以通过掺杂GQD来实现提高量子产率的全部潜力。此处有关掺杂GQD策略的相关讨论将促进其作为高产量，灵敏，选择性和可调荧光传感器的发展。