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What Characterizes Comprehensible and Native-like Pronunciation Among English-as-a-Second-Language Speakers? Meta-Analyses of Phonological, Rater, and Instructional Factors
Tesol Quarterly ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 , DOI: 10.1002/tesq.3027
Kazuya Saito 1
Affiliation  

The current study presents two meta-analyses to explore what underlies the assessment and teaching of comprehensible and nativelike pronunciation among English-as-a-Second-Language speakers. In Study 1, listener studies (n = 37) were retrieved examining the influence of segmental, prosodic, and temporal features on listeners’ intuitive judgements of comprehensibility and nativelikeness/accentedness as per different listener backgrounds (expert, mixed, L2). In Study 2, training studies (n = 17) were retrieved examining the effects of segmental, prosodic, and temporal-based instruction on ESL learners’ pronunciation. The results showed that (a) comprehensibility judgements were related to a range of segmental, prosodic, and temporal features; (b) accentedness judgements were strongly tied to participants’ correct pronunciation of consonants and vowels; and (c) instruction led to larger gains in comprehensibility than in nativelikeness. Moderator analyses demonstrated that expert listeners were more reliant on phonological information. Greater effects of instruction on comprehensibility than nativelikeness became clearer, especially when the treatment targeted prosodic accuracy. The findings suggest that ESL practitioners should prioritize suprasegemental practice to help students achieve comprehensible L2 pronunciation. The attainment of nativelike pronunciation, by contrast, may require an exclusive focus on the refinement of segmental accuracy, which is resistant to the influence of instruction.

中文翻译:

以英语为第二语言的人的可理解性和类似母语的发音有何特点?语音、评分者和教学因素的元分析

当前的研究提出了两项​​元分析,以探讨在以英语为第二语言的人中,评估和教授可理解和母语发音的基础是什么。在研究 1 中,根据不同的听众背景(专家、混合、L2)检索了听众研究(n = 37),检查了分段、韵律和时间特征对听众对可理解性和母语相似性/口音的直观判断的影响。在研究 2 中,检索了培训研究 (n = 17),检查分段、韵律和基于时间的教学对 ESL 学习者发音的影响。结果表明:(a) 可理解性判断与一系列音段、韵律和时间特征有关;(b) 重音判断与参与者对辅音和元音的正确发音密切相关;(c) 教学在可理解性方面比在本土相似性方面带来了更大的收益。主持人分析表明,专业听众更依赖语音信息。教学对可理解性的影响比原生相似性更明显,尤其是当治疗以韵律准确性为目标时。研究结果表明,ESL 从业者应该优先考虑超音段练习,以帮助学生获得可理解的 L2 发音。相比之下,获得像母语一样的发音可能需要专注于提高句段的准确性,这对教学的影响是有抵抗力的。主持人分析表明,专业听众更依赖语音信息。教学对可理解性的影响比原生相似性更明显,尤其是当治疗以韵律准确性为目标时。研究结果表明,ESL 从业者应该优先考虑超音段练习,以帮助学生获得可理解的 L2 发音。相比之下,获得像母语一样的发音可能需要专注于提高句段的准确性,这对教学的影响是有抵抗力的。主持人分析表明,专业听众更依赖语音信息。教学对可理解性的影响比原生相似性更明显,尤其是当治疗以韵律准确性为目标时。研究结果表明,ESL 从业者应该优先考虑超音段练习,以帮助学生获得可理解的 L2 发音。相比之下,获得像母语一样的发音可能需要专注于提高句段的准确性,这对教学的影响是有抵抗力的。研究结果表明,ESL 练习者应该优先考虑超音段练习,以帮助学生获得可理解的 L2 发音。相比之下,获得像母语一样的发音可能需要专注于提高句段的准确性,这对教学的影响是有抵抗力的。研究结果表明,ESL 从业者应该优先考虑超音段练习,以帮助学生获得可理解的 L2 发音。相比之下,获得像母语一样的发音可能需要专注于提高句段的准确性,这对教学的影响是有抵抗力的。
更新日期:2021-03-22
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