Air pollution is defined as the risk factors for asthma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exposure to ambient air pollution and prevalence of asthma in adults. This cross-sectional study was done between November 2015 and February 2016. The asthma prevalence was surveyed in 3172 adults between 20 and 44 years old in Tehran, Iran. Face to face interview and standardized questionnaire (European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS)) were used for data gathering. Concentrations of air pollutants in the whole city of Tehran were obtained from Tehran Air Quality Control Company (AQCC). Air pollution exposure assessed by the spatial analysis based on GIS method. The effect of ambient air pollution on the asthma symptoms was assessed with the crude and adjusted logistic regression. Results were reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results showed that the asthma prevalence in adults in Tehran was 11.73%, higher than the average prevalence of asthma in the whole country equal to the 8.9%. The prevalence of asthma in males (6.43%, n=204) was significantly higher than females (5.26%, n=167), but this difference was not significant (P = 0.29). A significant positive association was observed between the asthma prevalence and the concentration of CO (OR 1.64; 1.26 to 1.85) and PM₁₀ (1.04; 1.01 to 1.08) (P <0.05). Finally, we concluded that exposure to some air pollutants can affect the asthma prevalence in adults. Therefore, control of air pollution is recommended to reduce the asthma in Tehran metropolis.

空气污染被定义为哮喘的危险因素。这项研究旨在调查暴露于成人空气中的空气污染和哮喘患病率的影响。这项横断面研究于2015年11月至2016年2月进行。在伊朗德黑兰，对3172名20至44岁的成年人进行了哮喘患病率调查。使用面对面访谈和标准化问卷（欧洲社区呼吸健康调查（ECRHS））收集数据。从德黑兰空气质量控制公司（AQCC）获得了整个德黑兰市的空气污染物浓度。通过基于GIS方法的空间分析来评估空气污染暴露。用粗略和调整后的逻辑回归评估环境空气污染对哮喘症状的影响。结果报告为比值比（OR）和95％置信区间（CI）。结果显示，德黑兰成年人的哮喘患病率为11.73％，高于全国平均水平的8.9％。男性哮喘患病率（6.43％，n = 204）显着高于女性（5.26％，n = 167），但这一差异并不显着（P = 0.29）。哮喘患病率与CO浓度（OR为1.64； 1.26至1.85）和PM ₁₀（1.04； 1.01至1.08）之间呈显着正相关（P <0.05）。最后，我们得出的结论是，暴露于某些空气污染物会影响成人的哮喘患病率。因此，建议控制空气污染以减少德黑兰都会的哮喘病。