Distributed energy resources (DERs) can be utilized as alternative power sources for fast service recovery in cases of distribution system outages. However, the diverse characteristics and stochastic nature of DERs impose challenges on the optimal operation of diverse resources during the restoration phase. In this article, we introduce a hierarchical structure to coordinate distribution system entities and propose an adaptive restoration strategy to sustain a reliable power supply to outage loads in an unbalanced distribution system utilizing DERs. An efficient system reconfiguration model is developed to guarantee the radiality of restoration islands. The flexibility of DERs is evaluated by a novel method that focuses on the cumulative energy consumption, the superiority of which is also proven. Model predictive control (MPC) is adopted to enable the adjustment of system topology and DER operation strategies based on up-to-date data. The performance of the proposed restoration model is validated on a modified IEEE 123-bus test system. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed novel flexibility assessment and the MPC-based adaptive restoration strategy are verified through comparative studies.

中文翻译：

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分布式能源的分级配电系统自适应恢复。

分布式能源可以用作分布式电源的备用电源，以便在配电系统中断的情况下快速恢复服务。但是，DERs的多样性特征和随机性给恢复阶段的多种资源的最佳运行带来了挑战。在本文中，我们介绍了一种用于协调配电系统实体的层次结构，并提出了一种自适应恢复策略，以在不平衡分布式系统中利用DER维持可靠的电力供应，以应对中断的负载。建立了一种有效的系统重构模型，以保证恢复岛的径向性。DER的灵活性通过一种专注于累积能量消耗的新颖方法进行了评估，其优越性也得到了证明。采用模型预测控制（MPC）可以根据最新数据调整系统拓扑和DER操作策略。在改进的IEEE 123总线测试系统上验证了所提出的恢复模型的性能。此外，通过比较研究验证了所提出的新型灵活性评估和基于MPC的自适应恢复策略的有效性。