This paper presents seasonal variation of 12 PM₁₀-bound trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, V), which were studied in a coastal-urban region of northern Poland, from 01 April 2019 to 27 May 2020. Trace elements such as As, Ni and Pb revealed the highest enrichment factor levels in winter, followed by autumn, spring and summer, whereas the seasonal distribution of EF for V presented some different trend (winter > summer > fall > spring). The PCA analysis showed several sources that contributed to PM₁₀-bound trace elements: traffic-related emission, road and soil dust, domestic heating, metal industry-related emission and shipping activities. The highest hazard quotient (HQ) was found for Mn, followed by Co, Cr, As, Cd, Ni, Pb and Cu. The HQ values for all trace elements were within the acceptable range, indicating that there were no carcinogenic risks caused by exposure to trace elements in ambient air. The mean ILCR value for all trace elements during the whole observation period was much lower than the safe limit, however, the carcinogenic As showed significantly higher ILCR in female (1.2 × 10⁻⁶) than in male group (9.5 × 10⁻⁷, p < 0.05).

本文介绍了在北部沿海地区研究的12 PM ₁₀结合微量元素（As，Cd，Co，Cr，Cu，Fe，Mn，Mo，Ni，Pb，Sb，V）的季节性变化波兰，从2019年4月1日至2020年5月27日。微量元素（例如As，Ni和Pb）在冬季表现出最高的富集因子水平，其次是秋季，春季和夏季，而EF的季节性分布呈现出一些不同的趋势（冬季>夏季>秋季>春季）。PCA分析显示，导致PM _10产生的几个原因微量元素：与交通有关的排放，道路和土壤尘埃，家庭取暖，与金属工业有关的排放和运输活动。锰的最高危险商（HQ）最高，其次是钴，铬，砷，镉，镍，铅和铜。所有微量元素的HQ值均在可接受的范围内，这表明没有因暴露于环境空气中而导致的致癌风险。在整个观察期内，所有微量元素的平均ILCR值均远低于安全限值，但是，致癌砷显示出女性（1.2×10 ^-6）的ILCR明显高于男性（9.5×10 ^-7，p  ＜0.05）。