The development of highly efficient and inexpensive carbon-based catalysts for the production of hydrogen from water electrolysis is a considerable challenge in the field of sustainable energy transformation. Herein, an in situ N-, P- and Ca-codoped biochar was successfully fabricated from animal bone by thermal treatment at 800 °C. This in situ N-, P- and Ca-codoped catalyst exhibits high atomic contents with synergistic effects of N, P and Ca, a large electrochemically active surface area, a low charge-transfer resistance, high conductivity, and a large specific area. These characteristics lead to an outstanding hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity and good stability in a H₂SO₄ acidic solution, with an onset potential of 80±3 mV, an overpotential of 162±3 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm², a Tafel slope of 80 mV/dec, and an exchange current density of 52.5 µA/cm², which are comparable to or even better than those of synthetic heteroatom-doped or transition metal-doped carbon-based catalysts. These findings demonstrate that animal bone is a useful material for the preparation of N-, P- and Ca-codoped carbon materials as effective electrocatalysts for the HER.

为了从水电解生产氢，开发高效且廉价的碳基催化剂是可持续能源转化领域中的重大挑战。本文中，通过在800°C的热处理，成功地从动物骨骼中制备了原位掺有N，P和Ca的生物炭。这种原位掺有N，P和Ca的催化剂显示出高的原子含量，并具有N，P和Ca的协同作用，大的电化学活性表面积，低的电荷转移电阻，高的电导率和大的比表面积。这些特性导致出色的氢释放反应（HER）活性和在H ₂ SO _4中的良好稳定性。酸性溶液，起始电势为80±3 mV，电流密度为10 mA / cm ^2时，超电势为162±3 mV ，Tafel斜率为80 mV / dec，交换电流密度为52.5 µA / cm ²，其与合成的杂原子掺杂的或过渡金属掺杂的碳基催化剂相当或什至更好。这些发现表明，动物骨是用于制备N，P和Ca共掺杂的碳材料的有用材料，作为HER的有效电催化剂。