Purpose of Review

This review is focused on the removal of chlorinated hydrocarbons (as representative of persistent pollutants) from soil by soil-washing techniques, paying special attention to the application of electrochemically assisted technologies for the treatment of the liquids and gases produced during this treatment. It considers the degree of maturity of the technologies and suggests challenges for future research.

Recent Findings

Electrochemical technologies can help to improve the overall efficiency of soil washing processes in the removal of chlorinated hydrocarbons, contributing to the depletion of these hazardous species from the soil washing liquid and gaseous effluents generated during the treatment of the soil.

Summary

Chlorinated hydrocarbons are a good example of persistent organic pollutants which can be found in very high concentrations in polluted soil, especially in industrial sites. Because of its fast action, soil washing can be efficient for preventing the spread of chlorinated hydrocarbons after accidental spills. Recent progress about fundamentals of this process and key parameters involved is discussed at the light of competing technologies, paying special attention to the liquid and gaseous wastes produced during this treatment, in the search of holistic approaches. Among the different alternatives proposed, electrochemical technologies are the focus of attention of many researchers and, because of that, recent progress in electrochemical technologies capable to deplete the pollutants is also discussed, within a comparison context with other competing technologies, indicating the technology readiness level of each electrochemical process and the challenges that must be overcome in order to reach full-scale applicability.

中文翻译：

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电化学辅助土壤洗涤以修复非极性和挥发性污染物

审查目的

这篇综述的重点是通过土壤洗涤技术从土壤中去除氯代烃（作为持久性污染物的代表），特别注意电化学辅助技术在处理该过程中产生的液体和气体方面的应用。它考虑了技术的成熟程度，并提出了未来研究的挑战。

最近的发现

电化学技术可以帮助提高土壤洗涤过程中去除氯代烃的整体效率，从而有助于从土壤洗涤过程中产生的土壤洗涤液和气态废料中消除这些有害物质。

概括

氯化碳氢化合物是持久性有机污染物的一个很好的例子，在污染土壤中，尤其是在工业现场，其浓度很高。由于其快速的作用，土壤清洗可以有效防止意外溢出后氯代烃的扩散。根据竞争技术，讨论了该方法的基本原理和所涉及的关键参数的最新进展，在寻求整体方法的过程中，应特别注意在此处理过程中产生的液体和气体废物。在提出的不同替代方案中，电化学技术是许多研究人员关注的焦点，因此，还讨论了能够消耗污染物的电化学技术的最新进展，