A hybrid energy storage system (HESS), which consists of a battery and a supercapacitor, presents good performances on both the power density and the energy density when applying to electric vehicles. In this research, an HESS is designed targeting at a commercialized EV model and a driving condition-adaptive rule-based energy management strategy (EMS) is proposed for the HESS, which takes into account the superiority achievement of each ESS and also the protection to each ESS. The effectiveness of the HESS plus the EMS compared to the single battery case is validated by both the computer simulation and the semi-physical rapid control prototype (RCP) test bench. An electric loading equipment is adopted in the RCP experiment validation for simulating the vehicle driving cycle instead of the traditional combination of a motor and a dynamometer. Both validation results show that compared to the single battery case, the working status of the battery is stabilized by the addition of the supercapacitor in the HESS case during both the propelling and regeneration modes and the battery energy is also saved. A dynamic degradation model for the battery is adopted in order to evaluate the life cycle cost of the HESS. Results show that the HESS plus the EMS has the effect of prolonging the battery lifetime and the HESS is economically effective compared to the single battery case.

混合动力储能系统（HESS）由电池和超级电容器组成，在应用于电动汽车时，在功率密度和能量密度方面均表现出良好的性能。在这项研究中，针对商业化的电动汽车模型设计了HESS，并针对HESS提出了基于驾驶条件的基于规则的能源管理策略（EMS），其中考虑了每种ESS的优越性以及对车辆的保护。每个ESS。与单电池盒相比，HESS和EMS的有效性已通过计算机仿真和半物理快速控制原型（RCP）测试台进行了验证。在RCP实验验证中，采用了电动加载设备来模拟车辆的行驶周期，而不是传统的电动机和测功机组合。两项验证结果均表明，与单电池盒相比，在推进和再生模式下通过在HESS盒中添加超级电容器来稳定电池的工作状态，并且还节省了电池能量。为了评估HESS的生命周期成本，采用了电池的动态降级模型。结果表明，与单个电池盒相比，HESS加EMS具有延长电池寿命的作用，并且HESS在经济上有效。为了评估HESS的生命周期成本，采用了电池的动态降级模型。结果表明，与单个电池盒相比，HESS加EMS具有延长电池寿命的作用，并且HESS在经济上有效。为了评估HESS的生命周期成本，采用了电池的动态降级模型。结果表明，与单个电池盒相比，HESS加EMS具有延长电池寿命的作用，并且HESS在经济上有效。