Abstract

Fusarium head blight (FHB) has a negative impact on cereal food safety, quality and yield. The majority of FHB resistance genes in wheat (Triticum spp.) have been identified based on reaction to Fusarium graminearum, which, in Canada, has two prevalent trichothecene chemotypes, 3-acetyl-deoxyinvalenol (ADON) and 15-ADON. Three hexaploid (Triticum aestivum L.) and four tetraploid (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum and Triticum turgidum L. spp. dicoccoides (Korn. ex Asch. & Graebn.) Thell.) wheat genotypes with different genes for resistance and with different reactions to F. graminearum were evaluated in replicated greenhouse trials to determine if the resistance genes currently deployed in Canadian wheat are effective against both the 3-ADON and 15-ADON chemotypes. The development of FHB was rated as disease severity. The genotypes showed differential responses, with a higher level of disease development in the hexaploid wheat genotypes inoculated with the 3-ADON than with the 15-ADON chemotype. The opposite was observed in the tetraploid wheat genotypes. Tetraploid genotype BGRC3487 and a hexaploid genotype ND2710 showed similar resistance to both 3-ADON and 15-ADON chemotypes. These would be effective sources to breed lines resistant to both 3-ADON and 15-ADON chemotypes and reduce FHB risk.

摘要

镰刀菌赤霉病 (FHB) 对谷物食品安全、质量和产量有负面影响。小麦（Triticum spp. ）中的大多数 FHB 抗性基因是基于对禾谷镰刀菌的反应而确定的，在加拿大，禾谷镰刀菌具有两种流行的单端孢霉烯化学型，3-乙酰-脱氧缬草烯醇 (ADON) 和 15-ADON。三个六倍体 ( Triticum aestivum L.) 和四个四倍体 ( Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum和Triticum turgidum L. spp. dicoccoides (Korn. ex Asch. & Graebn.) Thell.) 具有不同抗性基因和不同基因型的小麦基因型对禾谷镰刀菌的反应在重复的温室试验中进行了评估，以确定目前部署在加拿大小麦中的抗性基因是否对 3-ADON 和 15-ADON 化学型均有效。FHB的发展被评为疾病严重程度。基因型显示出不同的反应，接种 3-ADON 的六倍体小麦基因型的疾病发展水平高于接种 15-ADON 化学型的小麦基因型。在四倍体小麦基因型中观察到相反的情况。四倍体基因型 BGRC3487 和六倍体基因型 ND2710 对 3-ADON 和 15-ADON 化学型显示出相似的抗性。这些将是培育对 3-ADON 和 15-ADON 化学型均具有抗性的品系并降低 FHB 风险的有效来源。