This qualitative case study of Block 192, Peru's largest oilfield, makes the case for a local form of extractivism. Local extractivism is triggered by firstly a dependence on the only economic activity there is in the area, and secondly by the strategic usage of extractive activity as local communities’ sole bargaining chip towards the government. An analysis of news items and interviews with actors involved in processes regarding Block 192, finds thatrepeated socio-environmental conflicts and production shutdowns have led to an increased state presence and willingness to negotiate. The very activity that has had detrimental effects on local communities’ livelihoods for decades is as such also their only hope for achieving public goods, welfare and income-generating opportunities: This is the Janus face of extractivism. The Janus-faced political space for permanent negotiations between communities and national government regarding both conditions for extraction and government services unrelated to the extractive activity, is created by the state's overarching imperative to continue extraction. This article thus calls for a broadened analytical focus on conditioned spaces for cross-scalar negotiation as an outcome of the extractive imperative, and more diversified representations of the local scale beyond sites of resistance or grounds for particularistic local agreements with industry only.

秘鲁最大的油田192区块的定性案例研究证明了当地形式的剥削主义是有道理的。首先，对区域内唯一的经济活动的依赖引发了当地的剥削主义；其次，战略性地利用了剥削活动作为当地社区向政府讨价还价的筹码。对新闻项目的分析和对涉及192块流程的参与者的采访的分析发现，重复的社会环境冲突和生产停产导致国家存在和谈判意愿增加。几十年来对当地社区的生计产生不利影响的活动本身也是他们实现公共物品，福利和创收机会的唯一希望：这是贾努斯的剥削主义面孔。州政府的首要任务是继续进行开采，这为社区和国家政府之间关于开采条件和与开采活动无关的政府服务之间进行永久性谈判的贾努斯式政治空间创造了条件。因此，本文呼吁对跨标量谈判的条件空间进行更广泛的分析，这是抽取式命令的结果，并且是在没有抵抗力的地点或仅与行业达成特殊地方协议的理由的情况下，对本地规模的表示形式更加多样化。