Periphyton plays an indispensable role in coastal saline-alkali land, but its function is poorly understood. Soil physical and chemical properties (pH value, salinity, soil organic matter), enzyme activity, and microbial diversity (based on 16 s rDNA, ITS and functional genes) were measured in periphyton formed on rice-growing coastal saline-alkali soil modified by a new type of soil conditioner. The results showed that the content of organic matter and catalase activity in periphyton were significantly higher than in the unplanted control soil. Soil pH and salinity were decreased in periphyton compared to the unplanted control soil. Based on the relative abundance, bacterial genera Desulfomicrobium, Rhodobacter, cyanobacterium_scsio_T−2, Gemmatimonas, and Salinarimonas as well as fungal genus Fusarium were more abundant in periphyton than the unplanted control soil. In terms of functional genes, the cbbM and cbbL sequencing showed higher abundance of Hydrogenophaga, Rhodovulum, Magnetospira, Leptothrix, and Thiohalorhabdus, whereas the nifH sequencing indicated higher abundance of Cyanobacteria in the periphyton compared to the unplanted soil. The relative abundance and community structure of soil microorganisms were improved by periphyton, thus reducing soil salinity and pH, and increasing soil organic matter and enzyme activity. This indicated that the periphyton can improve the conditions and offer a suitable environment for plant growth in coastal saline-alkali soil.

中文翻译：

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旱生植物改善了土壤条件，并为沿海盐碱土壤中的水稻生长提供了合适的环境

附生植物在沿海盐碱地中起着不可或缺的作用，但对其功能了解甚少。测量了在经改良的水稻生长的沿海盐碱土壤上形成的附生植物的土壤理化性质（pH值，盐度，土壤有机质），酶活性和微生物多样性（基于16 s rDNA，ITS和功能基因）。一种新型的土壤改良剂。结果表明，水生植物的有机质含量和过氧化氢酶活性明显高于未种植的对照土壤。与未种植的对照土壤相比，周生植物的土壤pH和盐度降低。基于相对丰度，细菌属Desulfomicrobium，Rhodobacter，cyanobacterium_scsio_T-2，与未种植的对照土壤相比，芽生菌中的Gemmatimonas和Salinarimonas以及真菌镰刀菌更丰富。在功能基因而言，CBBM和cbbL测序显示丰度以上的Hydrogenophaga，Rhodovulum，Magnetospira，纤发，和Thiohalorhabdus，而nifH测序表明丰度以上的蓝藻与未种植的土壤相比 周生植物改善了土壤微生物的相对丰度和群落结构，从而降低了土壤盐度和pH，增加了土壤有机质和酶的活性。这表明附生植物可以改善条件，并为沿海盐碱土壤中的植物生长提供合适的环境。