Purpose

The objective of this study is to estimate the gender wage gap in Vietnam and its rural and urban areas, especially with the presence of foreign firms.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use cross-sectional data from three rounds of the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey (VHLSS 2008, 2012, and 2016) to investigate this issue. The unconditional quantile regression and Oaxaca–Blinder (OB) decomposition are used in this article.

Findings

The article finds the gender wage gap favouring men, especially in higher quantiles of the wage distribution. The gap in urban Vietnam was higher than in rural areas. The OB decomposition indicates that gender wage gap is mainly driven by gender discrimination. The differences in return to participation in foreign companies only contributed significantly and positively to such a gap in some models. It suggests that the gap in those models is affected by gender discrimination in employment opportunities in foreign companies. Regarding the endowment effect, some models provide the significantly negative impacts of foreign firms on gender wage inequality.

Originality/value

The study suggests that policies to reduce the gender wage gap should pay more attention to foreign firms, especially at higher wage classes.

中文翻译：

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越南的性别工资差距和外国公司的存在：来自无条件分位数回归分解的证据

目的

本研究的目的是估计越南及其农村和城市地区的性别工资差距，特别是在外国公司存在的情况下。

设计/方法/方法

作者使用来自三轮越南家庭生活水平调查（VHLSS 2008、2012 和 2016）的横截面数据来调查这个问题。本文使用无条件分位数回归和 Oaxaca-Blinder (OB) 分解。

发现

文章发现性别工资差距有利于男性，尤其是在工资分布的较高分位数中。越南城市地区的差距高于农村地区。OB 分解表明性别工资差距主要由性别歧视驱动。参与外国公司的回报差异仅在某些模型中显着和积极地促成了这种差距。这表明这些模型中的差距受到外国公司就业机会中的性别歧视的影响。关于禀赋效应，一些模型提供了外国公司对性别工资不平等的显着负面影响。

原创性/价值

该研究表明，缩小性别工资差距的政策应更多地关注外国公司，尤其是在较高工资阶层的公司。