Caldera collapse received large attention during the last decades and was widely studied using various approaches, spanning from field-geology to numerical and analogue modelling. Analogue models allow to reproduce caldera collapse deformation, providing information otherwise difficult to obtain during such an extremely transient geological process. A wide range of analogue studies is available in literature, nonetheless, some aspects are still barely known, particularly the propagation of caldera faults and the role of inherited structures during caldera collapse. We have thus addressed the above research questions through analogue models. Our models show how calderas may experience asymmetry due to the lateral propagation of caldera-related faults. Furthermore, inherited discontinuities may affect caldera collapse by inducing rectilinear caldera faults that generate non-circular ring faults. Finally, sub-vertical discontinuities may be able, in specific conditions, to inhibit the formation of standard caldera structures that have been commonly observed in previous experimental series (i.e., early inward-dipping reverse faults followed by peripheral normal ring faults). Our models were then compared with four natural examples (the Acoculco and Los Humeros caldera complexes in Mexico, the Tuscolo-Artemisio caldera in the Colli Albani volcanic district, Italy and the Glencoe Caldera in Scotland), suggesting a relevant control exerted by inherited faults during caldera collapse. On the basis of the modelling results, we propose an evolutionary model that can be generalized and likely applied to many other caldera settings worldwide.

在过去的几十年中，破火山口的崩塌受到了广泛的关注，并通过各种方法进行了广泛的研究，从田野地质到数值模拟和模拟。模拟模型可以再现破火山口塌陷变形，从而提供在这种极其短暂的地质过程中难以获得的信息。文献中有大量类似的研究，但是，某些方面仍然鲜为人知，特别是破火山口断层的传播以及继承结构在破火山口塌陷中的作用。因此，我们已经通过模拟模型解决了上述研究问题。我们的模型表明，由于火山口相关断层的横向传播，火山口可能会出现不对称现象。此外，遗传的不连续性可能会通过诱发产生非圆形环形断层的直线型破火山口断层而影响破火山口塌陷。最后，在特定条件下，亚垂直间断可能会抑制标准破火山口结构的形成，这在先前的实验系列中已经普遍观察到（即，早期向内浸入的反向断层，然后是外围的正常环形断层）。然后将我们的模型与四个自然实例（墨西哥的Acoculco和Los Humeros破火山口复合体，意大利的Colli Albani火山区的Tuscolo-Artemisio破火山口和苏格兰的Glencoe破火山口）进行了比较，表明在此过程中继承的断层施加了相关的控制作用。破火山口倒塌。根据建模结果，