Purpose of Review

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are strongly associated. Both also associate with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Recent Findings

Several studies have provided evidence that NAFLD could be an independent CVD risk factor. Given the strong association between NAFLD and T2DM, assessing the independent CV effect of these two conditions remains challenging. However, patients with T2DM and NAFLD exhibit higher risk of CVD compared with T2DM without NAFLD suggesting a potential synergistic increase of CV risk in patients with both T2DM and NAFLD supported by several shared pathophysiological pathways. Several anti-diabetic therapies have shown beneficial effect on both NAFLD and CVD.

Summary

Patients with T2DM and NAFLD should be considered at high risk of CVD and could benefit from more intensive CV prevention. Additional long-term follow-up is needed to demonstrate that the treatment of NAFLD effectively reduces the risk of CVD.

中文翻译：

---

2 型糖尿病、NAFLD 和心血管风险之间的关系

审查目的

非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 和 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 密切相关。两者还与心血管疾病 (CVD) 的风险增加有关。

最近的发现

几项研究提供的证据表明 NAFLD 可能是一个独立的 CVD 危险因素。鉴于 NAFLD 和 T2DM 之间的密切关联，评估这两种情况的独立 CV 效应仍然具有挑战性。然而，与没有 NAFLD 的 T2DM 相比，患有 T2DM 和 NAFLD 的患者的 CVD 风险更高，这表明 T2DM 和 NAFLD 患者心血管风险的潜在协同增加是由几种共同的病理生理途径支持的。几种抗糖尿病疗法已显示出对 NAFLD 和 CVD 的有益效果。

概括

患有 T2DM 和 NAFLD 的患者应被视为 CVD 的高风险，并且可以从更强化的 CV 预防中受益。需要额外的长期随访来证明 NAFLD 的治疗有效地降低了 CVD 的风险。