Many Cenozoic basaltic rocks in Eastern Australia exhibit an age-progressive trend from north to south, leading to the suggestion that one or more mantle plumes passed beneath the Australian plate. Trace element patterns indicate that the source regions have been metasomatised by infiltrating melts, but the source rock assemblages have never been closely identified. Here, trace element analyses of olivine and whole rock geochemistry for several occurrences in New South Wales (Dubbo, Ebor, Bingara/Inverell, and Barrington) are combined with samples from Buckland (Queensland) to characterize the mineralogy of the source and identify the nature of the melts that caused the metasomatic enrichment. According to Ni/Mg against Mn/Fe and Zn/Fe ratios in olivines, Zn/Fe and FC3MS (FeO^T/CaO-3*MgO/SiO₂) parameters in whole rocks, tholeiite, alkali basalt, and basanite rich in olivine xenocrysts from Dubbo were derived from pyroxenite-dominated mixed source, mixed pyroxenite + peridotite source, and peridotite-dominated source, respectively. Similarly, basalts from Ebor and Bingara/Inverell are suggested to originate from a mixed pyroxenite + peridotite source based on their high FC3MS values. In contrast, the source of basanite and picrobasalt from Barrington was peridotite-dominated with less pyroxenite. High Li and Zn in olivines, high P₂O₅/TiO₂ and Zr/Hf at low Ti/Eu in whole rocks illustrate that the pyroxenite sources of basanites from Bingara/Inverell, Barrington, Dubbo and Buckland resulted from variable degrees of carbonatitic metasomatism. Partial melting of peridotite metasomatised by carbonatite melts at around the spinel-garnet peridotite transition depth produced basalts and basanites from Dubbo, Ebor, Bingara/Inverell, Barrington and Buckland. Carbonatitic metasomatism is widespread in the eastern Australian mantle lithosphere, concentrated on the ledge of the thick lithosphere beneath the Australian continent that stretches from Queensland, through New South Wales to Victoria.

澳大利亚东部的许多新生代玄武岩呈现出从北到南的年龄增长趋势，这表明有一个或多个地幔柱流过澳大利亚板块。微量元素模式表明，源区已通过熔体的渗透而发生交代作用，但从未明确识别出烃源岩组合。在这里，对新南威尔士州几次发生的橄榄石和整个岩石地球化学的痕量元素分析（Dubbo，Ebor，Bingara / Inverell和Barrington）与Buckland（昆士兰州）的样品相结合，以表征烃源岩的矿物学并鉴定自然引起交代富集的熔体。根据橄榄石中Zn / Fe和FC3MS的Ni / Mg对Mn / Fe和Zn / Fe的比率（FeO ^T / CaO-3 * MgO / SiO ₂）来自达博（Dubbo）的橄榄石异种质的全岩石，高铝红柱石，碱性玄武岩和玄武岩中的参数分别来自于以黄铁矿为主的混合源，混合的黄铁矿+橄榄岩源和以橄榄石为主的源。同样，基于高的FC3MS值，建议Ebor和Bingara / Inverell的玄武岩来源于辉石岩和橄榄岩的混合源。相反，来自巴灵顿的玄武岩和软玄武岩的来源以橄榄石为主，较少的辉石。橄榄石中的高Li和Zn，高P ₂ O ₅ / TiO ₂整个岩石中低Ti / Eu的Zr / Hf和Zr / Hf表明，宾加拉/因弗雷尔，巴灵顿，达博和巴克兰的重晶石的辉石矿来源是由不同程度的碳酸盐交代作用引起的。在尖晶石-石榴石橄榄岩过渡深度附近，由碳酸盐熔岩交代的橄榄岩的部分熔融，产生了来自达博，埃伯，宾加拉/因弗雷尔，巴灵顿和巴克兰的玄武岩和玄武岩。碳酸盐岩交代作用在澳大利亚东部的地幔岩石圈中很普遍，集中在澳大利亚大陆下厚岩石圈的壁架上，该岩石圈从昆士兰州一直延伸到新南威尔士州直至维多利亚州。