Abstract

The SDO/AIA 193 Å and ACE/SWEPAM data acquired in 2019 are used to compare the effects of polar and equatorial coronal holes (CHs) on solar wind (SW) characteristics under conditions of low solar activity. As expected, most geomagnetic storms in this period were caused by high-speed SW streams (\({>}500{-}600\) km s\({}^{-1}\)) originating from equatorial CHs. At the same time, it has been shown that at a deep solar activity minimum polar CHs can exert a noticeable influence on SW characteristics at the Earth’s orbit. A correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.8 has been found for the integrated polar CH area and the SW speed in the investigated period. The southern polar CH, for which a correlation with the SW speed with a correlation coefficient of 0.82 was found in the spring of 2019 (in the period when the south solar pole was maximally tilted to the Earth), exerted a particularly significant influence on the SW speed. The northern polar CH had virtually no effect on the SW speed. An anticorrelation of the polar CH area with the SW speed at the Earth’s orbit was found in the fall of 2019, in the period when the north solar pole was tilted to the Earth. We discuss a possible mechanism for the influence of polar CHs on SW characteristics and propose an interpretation of the results obtained.

中文翻译：

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太阳极周期24和25之间的最小活动度时，极冠孔对太阳风特征的影响

摘要

2019年获得的SDO / AIA 193Å和ACE / SWEPAM数据用于比较极低太阳活动条件下极地和赤道日冕孔（CHs）对太阳风（SW）特性的影响。不出所料，此期间的大部分地磁风暴是由高速西南偏西流（\（{>} 500 {-} 600 \） km s \（{} ^ {-1} \）引起的）源自赤道CH。同时，已经表明，在深层太阳活动下，最小极性CHs可以对地球轨道的SW特性产生显着影响。在研究期间，已发现积分极性CH面积和SW速度的相关系数为0.8。在2019年春季（南极极地最大倾斜到地球的时期）发现南极CH与西南极风速度之间的相关系数为0.82，这对南极CH产生了特别重要的影响。 SW速度。北极CH对SW速度几乎没有影响。在2019年秋季，即北太阳极向地球倾斜的那段时间里，发现了极地CH区域与地球轨道上SW速度的反相关。