The solar tracker is a mechanism that helps the photovoltaic panel to maximize its performance, while keeping it oriented towards direct solar radiation. In order to specify tracking, most solar trackers use two axes, one horizontal and the other vertical, which implies an increase of the consumed energy and a decrease in precision, since we have to make both motors operate simultaneously. This paper is a modelling of a biaxial solar tracker, with the principle of an equatorial mount, allowing it to precisely follow the sun via a single axis (equatorial axis), while the second axis (tilt axis) makes a small daily correction of few seconds at sunrise. In this way, our model keeps precision to the maximum, with minimum energy consumption. A detailed simulation clearly shows that the proposed model receives the maximum solar irradiation that a normal surface to solar radiation can receive and may in a certain period of the year receive a gain in the amount of solar irradiation; we have up to 63.47% compared to a fixed installation. The study details the different tracking methods, in order to adapt the concept model to the type of solar panel used. We closed finish the study with the realization of the prototype with a detailed explanation of the concept movement. To validate the simulation, we have made an experience that gives us the same results as given by simulation.

中文翻译：

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高精度，低功耗双轴赤道太阳跟踪仪：建模与实现

太阳能跟踪器是一种机制，可帮助光伏面板最大化其性能，同时保持其朝向直接太阳辐射的方向。为了指定跟踪，大多数太阳能跟踪器使用两个轴，一个是水平轴，另一个是垂直轴，这意味着增加了能耗并降低了精度，因为我们必须使两个电动机同时运行。本文是对双轴太阳跟踪器的建模，具有赤道仪的原理，允许它通过单轴（赤道轴）精确跟踪太阳，而第二轴（倾斜轴）每天进行少量校正日出时的秒数。这样，我们的模型将精度保持在最高水平，而能耗却最小。详细的模拟清楚地表明，所提出的模型接受了太阳辐射的法向表面可以接收的最大太阳辐射，并且在一年的某个时期可能会获得太阳辐射量的增加。与固定安装相比，我们的比例高达63.47％。这项研究详细介绍了不同的跟踪方法，以使概念模型适应所用太阳能电池板的类型。我们通过实现原型并详细解释概念运动来结束研究。为了验证仿真，我们已经获得了与仿真相同的结果。这项研究详细介绍了不同的跟踪方法，以使概念模型适应所用太阳能电池板的类型。我们通过实现原型并详细解释概念运动来结束研究。为了验证仿真，我们已经获得了与仿真相同的结果。这项研究详细介绍了不同的跟踪方法，以使概念模型适应所用太阳能电池板的类型。我们通过实现原型并详细解释概念运动来结束研究。为了验证仿真，我们已经获得了与仿真相同的结果。