Viral infections occur at very different length and time scales and include various processes which can often be described by using the models developed and/or employed in colloid and interface science. Bering in mind the currently active COVID 19, I discuss herein the models aimed at viral transmission via respiratory droplets and the contact of virions with the epithelium. In a more general context, I outline the models focused on penetration of virions via the cellular membrane, initial stage of viral genome replication, and formation of viral capsids in cells. In addition, the models related to a new generation of drug delivery vehicles, e.g., lipid nanoparticles with size about 100-200 nm, are discussed as well. Despite the high current interest in all these processes, their understanding is still limited, and this area is open for new theoretical studies.

病毒感染发生在非常不同的长度和时间尺度上，并且包括各种过程，这些过程通常可以使用在胶体和界面科学中开发和/或使用的模型来描述。考虑到当前活跃的 COVID 19，我在此讨论了旨在通过呼吸道飞沫传播病毒以及病毒粒子与上皮细胞接触的模型。在更一般的背景下，我概述了侧重于病毒粒子通过细胞膜的渗透、病毒基因组复制的初始阶段以及细胞中病毒衣壳形成的模型。此外，还讨论了与新一代药物递送载体相关的模型，例如尺寸约为100-200 nm的脂质纳米颗粒。尽管目前对所有这些过程都很感兴趣，但他们的理解仍然有限，