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Catalyst-Free Microwave Digestion and Estimation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Contents in Chicken Manure Adopting Competitive Analytical Methods
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-19 , DOI: 10.1080/00103624.2021.1900220
Basit Niaz 1, 2 , Faisal Maqbool Zahid 3 , Li Hongjuan 1 , Wang Wei 1 , Yu Lizhi 1 , Yasir Niaz 4 , Fatima Iftikhar 2 , Renjie Dong 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

For enhanced soil fertility, the application of animal manure has been recognized as an alternative mean to synthetic fertilizers. A major issue in current manure application practices is the rapid, reliable estimation of nutrients, such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Estimation of N and P in manure involves the use of harsh chemicals and conditions, and considerable analytical time. In this work, microwave-assisted digestion condition is being reported for N and P estimation into chicken fermentation slurry. At comparative lower temperature 200°C and duration 1 h, digestion involves the use of half of the amount of acid and that too without the aid of a catalyst. Furthermore, N and P contents were determined from automatic Kjeldahl (AKj), manual Kjeldahl (MKj) and flow injection methods (FIA). The advantage of FIA is that it provides simultaneous detection of P and N. Additionally; P contents were analyzed and compared by colorimeter (Clr). To obtain a clear view of the performance of competing analytical procedures, a single sample analysis (SSA) time was measured. Thus, for N estimation; the SSA by AKj was superior, i.e.,, AKj ˃ MKj ˃ FIA which was 6:10:70 mins, respectively, and for P; Clr˃FIA which was 30:70 mins, respectively. However, when the adoptive methods were judged on the basis of effectiveness or by overall performance/ease in handling, the order of competing methods for N became AKj ˃ FIA ˃ MKj and for P it was FIA ˃ Clr. Statistical evaluations from the analytical data were also in accordance.



中文翻译:

采用竞争分析方法的鸡粪中氮和磷含量的无催化剂微波消化和估计

摘要

为了提高土壤肥力,动物粪便的施用已被认为是合成肥料的替代方法。当前粪肥施用实践中的一个主要问题是快速、可靠地估算营养物质,例如氮 (N) 和磷 (P)。粪便中 N 和 P 的估计涉及使用苛刻的化学品和条件,以及相当长的分析时间。在这项工作中,正在报告微波辅助消化条件,用于估计鸡肉发酵浆中的 N 和 P。在相对较低的温度 200°C 和持续时间 1 小时的情况下,消化涉及使用一半量的酸,而且也没有催化剂的帮助。此外,N 和 P 含量由自动凯氏定氮法 (AKj)、手动凯氏定氮法 (MKj) 和流动注射法 (FIA) 确定。FIA 的优势在于它可以同时检测 P 和 N。用比色计(Clr)分析和比较P含量。为了清楚地了解竞争分析程序的性能,测量了单样品分析 (SSA) 时间。因此,对于 N 估计;AKj 的 SSA 更优,即 AKj ˃ MKj ˃ FIA 分别为 6:10:70 分钟和 P;Clr˃FIA 分别为 30:70 分钟。然而,当根据有效性或整体性能/易于处理来判断采用方法时,N 的竞争方法的顺序变为 AKj ˃ FIA ˃ MKj,而 P 的竞争方法的顺序是 FIA ˃ Clr。来自分析数据的统计评估也符合。为了清楚地了解竞争分析程序的性能,测量了单样品分析 (SSA) 时间。因此,对于 N 估计;AKj 的 SSA 更优,即 AKj ˃ MKj ˃ FIA 分别为 6:10:70 分钟,对于 P;Clr˃FIA 分别为 30:70 分钟。然而,当根据有效性或整体性能/易于处理来判断采用方法时,N 的竞争方法的顺序变为 AKj ˃ FIA ˃ MKj,而 P 的竞争方法的顺序是 FIA ˃ Clr。来自分析数据的统计评估也符合。为了清楚地了解竞争分析程序的性能,测量了单样品分析 (SSA) 时间。因此,对于 N 估计;AKj 的 SSA 更优,即 AKj ˃ MKj ˃ FIA 分别为 6:10:70 分钟,对于 P;Clr˃FIA 分别为 30:70 分钟。然而,当根据有效性或整体性能/易于处理来判断采用方法时,N 的竞争方法的顺序变为 AKj ˃ FIA ˃ MKj,而 P 的竞争方法的顺序是 FIA ˃ Clr。来自分析数据的统计评估也符合。当根据有效性或整体性能/易于处理来判断采用方法时,N 的竞争方法的顺序变为 AKj ˃ FIA ˃ MKj,而 P 则是 FIA ˃ Clr。来自分析数据的统计评估也符合。当根据有效性或整体性能/易于处理来判断采用方法时,N 的竞争方法的顺序变为 AKj ˃ FIA ˃ MKj,而 P 则是 FIA ˃ Clr。来自分析数据的统计评估也符合。

更新日期:2021-03-19
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