Objective

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone which has been ascribed a positive role in cardiovascular function. However, little is known about the association between GIP and microvascular complications including retina and kidney. In the present study, we conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between fasting serum GIP and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed in 295 T2DM patients in our endocrine ward in order to investigate the relationship between fasting serum GIP and microvascular complications.

Results

Among the 295 T2DM patients, the levels of median fasting serum GIP of all were 431.36pg/ml, interquartile range of which were 333.26~531.96pg/ml and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) were 37.63% and 38.64% respectively. Our study observed that the prevalence of DR was significantly higher in low-levels GIP group compared with those in high-levels GIP group (p=0.007) (46.26% versus 31.08%) and the levels of fasting serum GIP were also higher in T2DM patients without DR than those with DR (p=0.019) (440.99pg/ml versus 405.90pg/ml). Spearman’s correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that prevalence of DR was independently and negatively correlated with fasting serum GIP in T2DM (r=−0.134, p=0.021) (DR,β= −0.279; 95% CI, −0.512~−0.047, p = 0.019). However, there were no differences in fasting serum GIP between non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (p=0.951). Similarly, we did not find any association between fasting serum GIP and prevalence of DN by using various statistical analyses.

Conclusions

Prevalence of DR was independently and negatively correlated with fasting serum GIP in T2DM, indicating that elevated levels of fasting serum GIP may act as protective factors for DR.

中文翻译：

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空腹血清GIP水平升高可能是2型糖尿病糖尿病视网膜病变的保护因素

客观的

葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽（GIP）是一种肠降血糖素激素，已被认为对心血管功能具有积极作用。然而，人们对GIP与包括视网膜和肾脏在内的微血管并发症之间的关系知之甚少。在本研究中，我们进行了一项横断面研究，以调查2型糖尿病（T2DM）中空腹血清GIP与微血管并发症之间的关系。

方法

在我们的内分泌病房中对295位T2DM患者进行了一项横断面研究，以研究空腹血清GIP与微血管并发症之间的关系。

结果

在295例T2DM患者中，所有空腹血清GIP水平均为431.36pg / ml，四分位数范围为333.26〜531.96pg / ml，糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）和糖尿病肾病（DN）的患病率为37.63％。和38.64％。我们的研究发现，低水平GIP组的DR患病率明显高于高水平GIP组（p = 0.007）（46.26％比31.08％），而T2DM中空腹血清GIP的水平也较高没有DR的患者比患有DR的患者（p = 0.019）（440.99pg / ml对405.90pg / ml）。Spearman的相关性和多元逐步回归分析显示，在2型糖尿病中，DR的患病率与空腹血清GIP呈独立负相关（r = -0.134，p＝ 0.021）（DR，β＝ -0.279； 95％CI，-0.512--0.047，p＝ 0.019）。但是，非增生性糖尿病性视网膜病（NPDR）和增生性糖尿病性视网膜病（PDR）之间的空腹血清GIP没有差异（p = 0.951）。同样，通过各种统计分析，我们没有发现空腹血清GIP与DN患病率之间有任何关联。

结论

在2型糖尿病中，DR的患病率与空腹血清GIP呈独立负相关，表明空腹血清GIP水平升高可能是DR的保护因子。