ABSTRACT

Poor soil aeration is a limiting factor that influences rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth. Oxygenated compound fertilizer (OCF) is a vital strategy to address this challenge by improving soil aeration. Three kinds of newly developed fertilizers amended with different amounts of calcium peroxide (OCF1, OCF2, and OCF3) were prepared by mixing nutrients and other additive materials. Using waterlogging (WL), micro-bubble aerated water irrigation (MBWI), and fertilization of calcium peroxide for four times (FCP) as check, effects on soil aeration, physiological characteristics, and yield of rice with two rice varieties (Q681 and EK1) were examined in a pot culture. The results showed that OCF achieved a higher soil Eh and dissolved oxygen at the main growth stages and had higher nitrification intensity with lower de-nitrification intensity at tiller stage and full heading stage compared to WL/MBWI/FCP. Compared to WL/MBWI/FCP, OCF3 has 5–76% higher soil NH₄⁺-N and 0–33% higher soil NO₃^–N, respectively. OCF3 increased the photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate by more than 11%, 21%, and 7% compared to WL, respectively. OCF3 improved 1.07 times of rice yield than WL and has more than 29–58% rice yield than MBWI/FCP. OCF3 kept good soil aeration with long periods, being low price and user-friendly, and could be especially useful in paddy soil under long-term waterlogging.

摘要

土壤通气不良是影响水稻（Oryza sativaL.) 增长。含氧复合肥 (OCF) 是通过改善土壤通气来应对这一挑战的重要策略。通过将养分和其他添加材料混合制备了三种新开发的添加不同量过氧化钙的肥料（OCF1、OCF2和OCF3）。以涝渍（WL）、微泡曝气灌溉（MBWI）、过氧化钙四次施肥（FCP）为对照，考察2个水稻品种（Q681和EK1）对土壤通气、生理特性和产量的影响) 在盆栽培养中进行了检查。结果表明，与WL/MBWI/FCP相比，OCF在主要生长阶段获得了较高的土壤Eh和溶解氧，在分蘖期和全穗期具有较高的硝化强度和较低的反硝化强度。与WL/MBWI/FCP相比，₄ ⁺ -N 和土壤 NO ₃ ^– N 分别高出 0–33% 。与 WL 相比，OCF3 使光合作用速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率分别提高了 11%、21% 和 7% 以上。OCF3 水稻产量比 WL 提高 1.07 倍，水稻产量比 MBWI/FCP 提高 29-58% 以上。OCF3长期保持良好的土壤通气，价格低廉，使用方便，特别适用于长期涝渍的水稻土。