The most commonly used procedure for prediction of the behaviour of laterally loaded piles is the P–y curve formulation, which gives a simple but efficient framework to predict the response of the pile. This framework is limited to a single direction of loading, while there are several situations in which a pile is subjected to lateral loads with varying direction, as for example in the case of wind or wave loads. Here an extended framework for P–y curve modelling is presented, in which several springs are considered around the pile perimeter at each depth. The advantage of this framework is that it remains as simple and practical as the original P–y curve method and does not need any further information or parameters. A procedure is proposed for the extension of a given unidirectional model to the corresponding multi-directional one. The effects of multi-directional loading are discussed based on the simulation results. With a change in loading direction, misalignment between load direction and total displacement occurs. In addition, this quite simple model enables deduction of the profile of irreversible soil displacements around the pile at various depths.

中文翻译：

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使用P–y曲线方法的桩对多向横向载荷的响应

预测侧向荷载桩行为的最常用方法是P – y曲线公式，该公式提供了一个简单而有效的框架来预测桩的响应。该框架被限制为单一的载荷方向，而在很多情况下，例如在风或波浪载荷的情况下，桩子承受的是方向变化的侧向载荷。这里介绍了用于P – y曲线建模的扩展框架，其中考虑了在每个深度处桩周周围的多个弹簧。该框架的优势在于，它仍然与原始P – y一样简单实用。曲线方法，不需要任何其他信息或参数。提出了一种用于将给定的单向模型扩展到相应的多向模型的过程。根据仿真结果讨论了多向加载的影响。随着载荷方向的改变，载荷方向与总位移之间会发生不对准。此外，这个非常简单的模型可以推断出不同深度下桩周围不可逆的土壤位移情况。