The influence of overall particle shape, mean particle size, initial relative density and effective normal stress on the global and local soil–geosynthetic interaction is investigated here through an extensive series of direct shear interface tests between six sands in contact with one multifilament woven geotextile, one non-woven geotextile and one geomembrane. Analysis of the soil–geosynthetic data highlights mobilisation of higher peak friction angles with increases in initial relative density and angularity of sand particles and decrease in the effective normal stress. The average frictional efficiencies of the sand–geosynthetic interfaces are 0·95 and 0·79, respectively, for the sand–geotextile and sand–geomembrane interfaces. It is shown that the interface slip increases with the initial relative density of sand and regularity of particles, and decreases with increasing the mean particle size and effective normal stress. Analysis of the local particle movements by means of digital particle image velocimetry revealed that the average thickness of the shear zone for the sand–geosynthetic interfaces tested ranges from 3·8 to 11·9 (with an average of 7·0) times the mean particle size of the contact sand. The experimental data indicate that thicknesses of the shear and dilation zones are almost equal for the sand–geosynthetics interfaces tested.

中文翻译：

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全局和局部的砂土复合界面行为

在这里，通过在一系列与多纤维编织土工织物接触的六种砂土之间进行的一系列直接剪切界面试验，研究了整体颗粒形状，平均粒径，初始相对密度和有效法向应力对全球和局部土壤-土工合成物相互作用的影响，一种非织造土工布和一种土工膜。对土壤-土工合成材料数据的分析显示，随着初始相对密度和沙粒角度的增加以及有效法向应力的减小，动员了更高的峰值摩擦角。砂土工布界面和砂土工膜界面的平均摩擦效率分别为0·95和0·79。结果表明，界面滑移随着砂子初始相对密度和颗粒规则性的增加而增加，随平均粒径和有效法向应力的增加而减小。利用数字粒子图像测速仪对局部粒子运动进行分析，结果表明，所测试的砂土工质界面的剪切带平均厚度为平均值的3·8至11·9（平均为7·0）倍。接触砂的粒度。实验数据表明，对于测试的砂土-土工合成材料界面，剪切和扩张区的厚度几乎相等。利用数字粒子图像测速仪对局部粒子运动进行分析，结果表明，所测试的砂土工质界面的剪切带平均厚度为平均值的3·8至11·9（平均为7·0）倍。接触砂的粒度。实验数据表明，在所测试的砂土-土工合成材料界面上，剪切和扩张区的厚度几乎相等。利用数字粒子图像测速仪对局部粒子运动进行分析，结果表明，所测试的砂土工质界面的剪切带平均厚度为平均值的3·8至11·9（平均为7·0）倍。接触砂的粒度。实验数据表明，对于测试的砂土-土工合成材料界面，剪切和扩张区的厚度几乎相等。