Photogenerated charge carriers in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) suffer relaxation and recombination losses. However, extracting these carriers at higher energy (‘Hot-carriers’) has been found to be effective to overcome such loss pathways and improve efficiency of OPVs. Excess energy and long delocalization length promotes hot-carrier escape from Coulombic attraction and dissociation into free charges. Here, I have reviewed the ways to generate hot-carriers and their extraction in organic backbones. In-depth understanding of their energetics and dynamics will help designing hot-carrier photovoltaics.

中文翻译：

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有机光伏中的热载流子

有机光伏（OPV）中的光生电荷载体遭受弛豫和复合损失。然而，已发现以较高的能量提取这些载流子（“热载流子”）可有效克服此类损失途径并提高OPV的效率。过多的能量和较长的离域长度会促使热载流子从库仑吸引作用脱离并解离为自由电荷。在这里，我回顾了产生热载流子的方法及其在有机主干中的提取方法。对它们的能量和动力学的深入了解将有助于设计热载光伏。