Digital Transformation (DT) has become the core motivator for almost all organizations worldwide. In order to cope up with the new demands, Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are also giving due consideration to digitizing their services, including pedagogical services. Many challenges are being faced during the successful adoption of DT strategies and plans. One of the main obstacles is the set of challenges related to the stakeholders in HEIs; more precisely, instructors and students. This paper extracts, synthesizes, categorizes, and prioritizes the challenges hindering the success of DT in Saudi universities. Firstly, the paper extracts the main challenges faced by instructors and students, and then constructs a model of the challenges based on the tripartite classification of attitude. The paper adopts a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Method, called the Analytic Network Process (ANP), for the purpose of gathering instructors’ and students’ evaluations and prioritizing their challenges accordingly. A total of 25 instructors and students were recruited from various HEIs in Saudi Arabia to evaluate the model. The results show that learning performance, lack of access to resources, and fear of change are the most significant factors hindering students towards successful adoption of DT. On the other hand, fear of change followed by lack of experience and privacy concerns are the most significant factors hindering instructors towards successful adoption of DT. The research is intended to enlighten decision-makers in Saudi HEIs to consider non-technical challenges while planning for digitizing HEIs services.

数字化转型 (DT) 已成为全球几乎所有组织的核心动力。为了应对新的需求，高等教育机构也在适当考虑将其服务（包括教学服务）数字化。在成功采用数字技术战略和计划的过程中面临着许多挑战。主要障碍之一是与高等教育机构利益相关者相关的一系列挑战；更准确地说，是教师和学生。本文对阻碍沙特大学数字技术成功的挑战进行了提取、综合、分类和优先排序。首先，提取了教师和学生面临的主要挑战，然后构建了基于态度三方分类的挑战模型。本文采用多标准决策（MCDM）方法，称为分析网络过程（ANP），旨在收集教师和学生的评估，并相应地对他们的挑战进行优先级排序。从沙特阿拉伯各高校招募了 25 名教师和学生来评估该模型。结果表明，学习成绩、缺乏资源和害怕改变是阻碍学生成功采用数字技术的最重要因素。另一方面，对变革的恐惧以及缺乏经验和隐私问题是阻碍教师成功采用数字技术的最重要因素。该研究旨在启发沙特高等教育机构的决策者在规划高等教育机构服务数字化时考虑非技术挑战。