To determine if individuals, from HIV-1 serodiscordant couple cohorts from Rwanda and Zambia, who become HIV-positive have a distinct inflammatory biomarker profile compared to individuals who remain HIV-negative, we compared levels of biomarkers in plasma of HIV-negative individuals who either seroconverted (pre-infection) and became HIV-positive or remained HIV-negative (uninfected). We observed that individuals in the combined cohort, as well as those in the individual country cohorts, who later became HIV-1 infected had significantly higher baseline levels of multiple inflammatory cytokines/chemokines compared to individuals who remained HIV-negative. Genital inflammation/ulceration or schistosome infections were not associated with this elevated profile. Defined levels of ITAC and IL-7 were significant predictors of later HIV acquisition in ROC predictive analyses, whereas the classical Th1 and Th2 inflammatory cytokines such as IL-12 and interferon-γ or IL-4, IL-5 and Il-13 were not. Overall, the data show a significant association between increased plasma biomarkers linked to inflammation and immune activation and HIV acquisition and suggests that pre-existing conditions that increase systemic biomarkers represent a factor for increased risk of HIV infection.

中文翻译：

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炎症性血浆生物标志物水平升高与 HIV 感染风险相关

为了确定来自卢旺达和赞比亚的 HIV-1 血清不一致夫妇队列中的个体，与保持 HIV 阴性的个体相比，成为 HIV 阳性的个体是否具有明显的炎症生物标志物谱，我们比较了 HIV 阴性个体血浆中的生物标志物水平血清转化（感染前）并变为 HIV 阳性或保持 HIV 阴性（未感染）。我们观察到，与保持 HIV 阴性的个体相比，组合队列中的个体以及后来感染 HIV-1 的个体国家队列中的多种炎性细胞因子/趋化因子的基线水平显着更高。生殖器炎症/溃疡或血吸虫感染与这种升高的情况无关。在 ROC 预测分析中，确定的 ITAC 和 IL-7 水平是后期 HIV 感染的重要预测因子，而经典的 Th1 和 Th2 炎性细胞因子如 IL-12 和干扰素-γ 或 IL-4、IL-5 和 Il-13 是不是。总体而言，数据显示与炎症和免疫激活相关的血浆生物标志物增加与 HIV 感染之间存在显着关联，并表明增加全身生物标志物的预先存在的条件代表了 HIV 感染风险增加的一个因素。