The extent of phenotypic variation among Sesame germplasm influences the expression of economic traits and the response to selection. The objective of this study was to determine the variance components, heritability (H²) and association of seed and oil yield‐related traits in Ethiopian sesame germplasm to guide breeding. One hundred sesame germplasm were evaluated under field conditions in two locations in a 10 x 10 lattice design with two replications. The findings revealed higher genotypic coefficient of variation, H², and genetic advance for number of primary branches (NPB), number of secondary branches (NSB), thousand seed weight (TSW), seed yield per hectare (SYH) and oil yield per hectare (OYH), suggesting high genetic gains can be achieved through selection. Higher direct effects of OYH and NSPC were recorded on SYH, while SYH, NCPP and TSW had higher direct effect on OYH. The genotypes Hirhir Kebabo Hairless‐9, Setit‐3, Orofalc ACC‐2, Hirhir Humera Sel‐6, Setit‐1 and ACC‐NS‐007(2) were found superior and the selected genotypes should promote for further field stability evaluation, which might be utilized in future sesame breeding programmes and production.

中文翻译：

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芝麻的遗传多样性与产量相关性状的关联

芝麻种质间表型变异的程度影响经济性状的表达和对选择的响应。这项研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚芝麻种质的变异成分，遗传力（H ²）以及种子和油料产量相关性状的关联，以指导育种。在野外条件下，以两个重复的10 x 10格子设计在两个位置上对一百个芝麻种质进行了评估。这些发现揭示出更高的基因型变异系数H ²，以及主要分支数（NPB），次要分支数（NSB），千粒重（TSW），每公顷种子产量（SYH）和每公顷油产量（OYH）的遗传进展，表明高遗传收获可能是通过选择实现。OYH和NSPC对SYH的直接作用较高，而SYH，NCPP和TSW对OYH的直接作用较高。发现Hirhir Kebabo Hairless‐9，Setit‐3，Orofalc ACC‐2，Hirhir Humera Sel‐6，Setit‐1和ACC‐NS‐007（2）的基因型优越，所选的基因型应促进进一步的田间稳定性评估，可以在将来的芝麻育种计划和生产中使用。