Mangroves are naturally stressful habitats, with high salinity, regular flooding, strong winds, high temperatures, and muddy, hypoxic soils, requiring adaptations in plant anatomy. In this sense, we present a description of the leaf anatomy of Acrostichum aureum, a remarkable fern species growing in mangroves, focusing on novelties and the significance of the traits for adaptation to mangrove conditions. The leaves were amphistomatic with anomocytic stomata at the same level as the other epidemic cells, and there was a uniseriate hypodermis on both surfaces of the lamina. A dense spongy parenchyma was present in the lamina with limited number of intercellular spaces. We observed sclerenchyma fibers in the costae (3–5 layers) immediately below the epidermis and surrounding the vascular bundles, which were amphicrival (1) and bicollateral (4) in the costae, and collateral and bicollateral in the mesophyll (4–6). In the costae, the endodermis was uniseriate with Casparian strip. The pericycle was interrupted, uniseriate, with varied cell sizes, indicating activity. Idioblasts containing isolated calcium oxalate crystals with a prismatic shape occurred in the epidermis, hypodermis, and sclerenchyma. Some anatomical traits of A. aureum are similar to those reported to angiosperms in mangroves, such as the presence of a thick cuticle, amphistomaty, hypodermis, CaOx crystals, and intercellular spaces, indicative of ecological convergence. These traits are potentially involved in promoting resistance to water loss, enhanced photosynthesis, avoidance of photoinhibition, mechanical resistance, resistance to herbivory, homeostasis, and detoxification.

红树林是自然压力的栖息地，具有高盐度，经常性洪水，强风，高温和泥泞，低氧的土壤，需要适应植物的解剖结构。从这个意义上讲，我们介绍了金黄色奇缘草的叶片解剖结构，是一种在红树林中生长的非凡蕨类植物，着重于新颖性和该性状对适应红树林条件的意义。叶片是两亲性的，具有与其他流行细胞相同水平的气孔气孔，并且在叶片的两个表面上都有一个无皮的皮下组织。薄层薄壁薄壁组织中存在密集的海绵状薄壁组织。我们在表皮下方和周围血管束周围的肋骨（3-5层）中观察到巩膜纤维，这是肋骨中的两栖动物（1）和双侧（4），而叶肉中的侧支和双侧（4-6） 。在肋骨中，内胚层与里海带不合。周周期被打断，不合时宜，细胞大小不一，表明其活动。在表皮，皮下组织和硬化组织中出现含有成棱柱形状的分离的草酸钙晶体的成纤维细胞。的一些解剖特征金黄色葡萄球菌与红树林中被子植物的报道相似，例如存在厚的角质层，血肿，皮下组织，CaOx晶体和细胞间空间，表明生态趋同。这些性状可能与提高对水分流失的抵抗力，增强的光合作用，避免光抑制，机械抵抗力，对草食动物的抵抗力，体内平衡和排毒有关。